水稻、高粱远缘杂交种质资源创新  

Innovation of Germplasm Resources by Distant Hybridization Between Rice and Sorghum

作　　者：张帅 刘智权 陈汝秋 韩容 徐克漂 王祺 江靖 李志新[1,2] 徐俊英 ZHANG Shuai;LIU Zhiquan;CHEN Ruqiu;HAN Rong;XU Kepiao;WANG Qi;JIANG Jing;LIZhixin;XU Junying(College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou,Hubei 434025,China;Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland,Ministry of Education/Agricultural College of Yangtze University,Jingzhou,Hubei 434025,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2023年第3期50-56,共7页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：农业农村部转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2019ZX08010004)。

摘　　要：将水稻(鄂香1号)与甜高粱[Sorghum dochna(Forssk.)Snowden]远缘杂交后,经过13代连续自交筛选,获得一批性状相对稳定的变异株系。对其中11个(编号为DC1~DC11)有代表性的变异株系进行表型、遗传背景和应用研究。结果表明,各变异株系生育期(122~141d)、株高(118.9~228.9cm)、单株产量(27.5~40.4g)、结实率(49.7%~89.6%)、垩白度(0.3%~14.4%)、整精米率(53.9%~68.6%)等性状差异明显。利用水稻差异性鉴定的48对标准SSR引物对受体亲本及变异株系进行鉴定,发现该11个株系与鄂香1号差异引物个数为8~15个,表明这11个株系是不同于受体亲本的新材料,该11个株系之间的差异引物个数为2~15个,表明多数变异株系之间也存在差异。利用受体亲本和变异株系与不育系C6S配制杂交组合并进行综合评价,发现部分变异株系所配杂交组合与对照品种丰两优四号相比,在产量和米质方面具有一定的优势。表明通过远缘杂交创造的部分变异株系具有潜在的应用价值。By distant crossing between rice(Exiang 1)and sweet sorghum[Sorghum dochna(Forssk.)Snowden],some variant lines with relatively stable traits were obtained after 13 generations of continuous selfing and selection.The phenotype,genetic background and application of 11 representative variant lines(DC1~DC11)were studied.The results showed that there were obvious differences among the variant lines in the traits of the growth period(122~141 days),plant height(118.9~228.9 cm),yield per plant(27.5~40.4 g),seed setting rate(49.7%~89.6%),chalkiness(0.3%~14.4%)and head rice rate(53.9%~68.6%).48 pairs of standard SSR primers for rice differential identification were used to identify the genetic background of recipient parent and variant lines.It was found that the number of different primers between these 11 lines and Exiang 1 was 8~15 pairs,indicating that these 11 lines were different from the recipient parent.At the same time,the number of different primers among the 11 lines was 2~15 pairs,indicating that there were also differences among the variant lines.It was found that the F,hybrids of some variant lines had certain advantages in yield and grain quality compared with the control hybrid rice variety Fengliangyou 4 by comprehensive evaluation of the F,hybrids made from the cross of the recipient parent and variant lines to the sterile line C6S,indicating that some variant lines created by distant hybridization have potential application value.

关 键 词：水稻 甜高粱 远缘杂交 种质创新 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S334