诱抗剂PQQ对纹枯病的田间防效与水稻产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Resistance Inducer PQQ on Field Control of Sheath Blight and Rice Yield and Quality

作　　者：李巳夫 欧阳茹 刘洋 匡炜 朱杰伟 刘都才[1] 欧阳翔 马国兰[1] 彭亚军[1] 张玉烛 LI Sifu;OUYANG Ru;LIU Yang;KUANG Wei;ZHU Jiewei;LIU Ducai;OUYANG Xiang;MA Guoan;PENG Yajun;ZHANG Yuzhu(Institute of Plant Protection,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;Longping Huangpu Research Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510700,China;State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice,Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China,4.Rice Research Institute,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;Rice Research Institute,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;Comprehensive Agricultural Service Center of Baitian Town of Xiangxiang City,Xiangtan,Hunan 411441,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,湖南长沙410125 [2]隆平农业科技黄埔研究院,广东广州510700 [3]湖南杂交水稻研究中心杂交水稻全国重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [4]湖南省农业科学院水稻研究所,湖南长沙410125 [5]湘乡市白田镇农业综合服务中心,湖南湘潭411441

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2023年第3期121-128,共8页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：长沙市自然科学基金(kq2014176);湖南省重点研发计划(2020NK2046)。

摘　　要：利用生物活性物质诱导增强水稻抗病性是实现水稻病害绿色防控的有效途径。本研究通过田间小区试验,以抗病品种高品6、感病品种Lemont为材料,对诱抗剂吡咯喹啉醌(Pyrroloquinolinequinone,PQQ)喷雾处理使用剂量(1μmol/L,P1;2μmol/L,P2)、施药时期(分蘖始期,I;分蘖末期,E;孕穗中期,M;全生育期,W)及其对纹枯病的防效与水稻产量、品质的影响进行了综合评价。结果表明,不同生育时期喷施不同剂量PQQ后,对抗、感纹枯病品种均具有一定的防病和增产作用。感病品种Lemont和抗病品种高品6分别以W-P2和W-P1处理对纹枯病的控制作用最佳,其末次调查的相对防效依次为48.37%和46.13%;对应的理论产量和实际产量均最高,分别为6.34、4.81t/hm^(2)和9.51、7.68t/hm^(2)。此外,喷施PQQ还有助于改善稻米加工(糙米率、整精米率)、外观(垩白粒率、垩白度)及蒸煮食味(胶稠度)品质,但对稻米的长宽比、直链淀粉含量及蛋白质含量的影响绝大多数不明显。The induction of bioactive substances to enhance rice disease resistance is an effective way to achieve the green prevention and control of rice diseases.In this study,a field plot experiment was conducted to treat the resistant variety Gaopin 6 and susceptible variety Lemont with the dosage of Pyrroloquinolinequinone(PQQ)foliar spray(1μmol/L,P1;2μmol/L,P2)and application stage(first tillering stage,I;late tillering stage,E;middle booting stage,M;whole growth period,W),and the control efficacy of PQQ foliar sprays on rice sheath blight and its effects on rice yield and quality were evaluated comprehensively.The results showed that spraying different doses of PQQ at different growth stages had certain effects on disease prevention and yield increase of both resistant and susceptible varieties of sheath blight.Lemont(susceptible variety)and Gaopin 6(resistant variety)had the best control effect on sheath blight with the treatments of W-P2(2μmol/L in whole growth period)and W-P1(1μmol/L in whole growth period),respectively,whose relative control effect of the last survey was 48.37%and 46.13%,respectively,and correspondingly had highest theoretical and actual yields,which were 6.34,4.81 t/hm^(2) and 9.51,7.68 t/hm^(2),respectively.In addition,PQQ was also helpful to improve the processing(brown rice rate,milling rice rate),appearance(chalky grain percentage,chalkiness degree)and cooking(gel consistency)quality of rice,but its effects on length-to-width ratio,amylose content and protein content of rice were mostly not obvious.

关 键 词：吡咯喹啉醌 水稻纹枯病 诱导抗病性 相对防效 产量 米质 

分 类 号：S511.04[农业科学—作物学] S318