石墨质多孔炭的制备及其双离子电容储能机理  

Preparation of porous graphitic carbon and its dual-ion capacitance energy storage mechanism

作　　者：展长振 曾晓婕 吕瑞涛 沈洋 黄正宏 康飞宇 ZHAN Chang-zhen;ZENG Xiao-jie;LV Rui-tao;SHEN Yang;HUANG Zheng-hong;KANG Fei-yu(State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Key Lab of Advanced Materials,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Mengjing Advanced Graphite Institute,Beijing 101318,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学材料学院新型陶瓷与精细工艺国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]清华大学材料学院先进材料教育部重点实验室,北京100084 [3]北京蒙京石墨新材料科技研究院有限公司,北京101318

出　　处：《新型炭材料（中英文）》2023年第3期576-582,共7页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52202040,52172047);内蒙古自治区科技兴蒙合作引导项目(2021CG0014)资助。

摘　　要：作为锂离子电池和超级电容器的结合,锂离子电容器由于兼备电池和电容器的优点而受到了广泛关注。然而因其正极双电层电容行为的储能机理,锂离子电容器的能量特性受到了较大的限制。因此,为了从根本上增强锂离子电容器正极材料性能,本研究提出了双离子电容器的储能机理。以柠檬酸钾/镁/铁为原料,合成了兼备石墨质结构与层次化多孔结构的石墨质多孔炭,并以其为正极材料,实现了兼具锂离子电容器正极离子吸附行为与双离子电池正极阴离子插层行为的双离子电容储能。由于石墨质多孔炭结构中石墨质结构在高电位下由阴离子插层反应贡献的额外平台容量以及对于材料导电性的增强,石墨质多孔炭正极材料的能量特性明显超过多孔炭及人造石墨正极,实现了从储能机理的层面的器件性能增强。A lithium-ion capacitor,a combination of a lithium-ion batteries and a supercapacitor,is expected to have the advantages of both a batteries and a capacitor and has attracted worldwide attention in recent years.However,its energy storage is limited due to the electric double-layer capacitance mechanism of the positive electrode.Consequently,to fundamentally improve the performance of the positive electrode material,a novel dual-ion hybrid capacitance energy storage mechanism is proposed.Porous graphitic carbon with a partially graphitized structure and hierarchical porous structure was synthesized by a one-step heat treatment method using potassium/magnesium/iron citrate as precursors.When used as the positive electrode material,the porous graphitic carbon has a dual-ion hybrid capacitance mechanism in an electrolyte produced using a mixture of Li-TFSI(bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amine lithium salt)and BMIm-TFSI(1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide),which combines electric double-layer capacitance behavior in a lithium-ion capacitor and anion intercalation/de-intercalation behavior in a dual-ion batteries.Two mechanisms were observed in the electrochemical characterization process,and the performance of the porous graphitic carbon was compared to porous carbon and artificial graphite,which indicate that its energy storage performance is significantly better due to the additional plateau capacity contributed by anion intercalation at a high potential and the improved conductivity through the local graphitic regions.

关 键 词：双离子电容 石墨质多孔炭 锂离子电容器 双离子电池 柠檬酸盐 

分 类 号：TQ127.11[化学工程—无机化工]