船闸的门槛水深(一)——规范相关规定解读  

Water depth on sill of locks,part 1:Relevant stipulations in Chinese Code

作　　者：吴澎[1] WU Peng(CCCC Water Transportation Consultants Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100007,China)

机构地区：[1]中交水运规划设计院有限公司,北京100007

出　　处：《水运工程》2023年第6期92-95,共4页Port & Waterway Engineering

摘　　要：《船闸总体设计规范》(JTJ 305—2001)规定,船闸门槛最小水深应满足H T≥1.6的要求(H为门槛最小水深,T为设计船舶满载时的最大吃水)。本规定的主要目的是为了满足设计船舶满载过闸时有一定的航速,保证过闸效率;满足变吃水船舶满载过闸的要求;并适当考虑船舶大型化的发展需要。但在工程实践中规范的规定并未得到全面的理解和执行。通过分析该规定的执行情况,表明此项规定虽然简单,但不能完全满足工程的实际需求。对于渠化梯级的船闸,上游水位受运行枢纽规则的限制,最低通航水位有5种情况分别对应不同的下游水位情况,应分别考虑确定门槛最小水深。In the Code for Master Design of Shiplocks(JTJ 305—2001),it is stipulated that the minimum water depth on sill should satisfy the requirement of H T≥1.6(H is the minimum water depth on sill,T is maximum draft of design vessel).The objectives of the stipulation are to guarantee certain speed of vessels through locks,make lock operation efficient,satisfy the demand of vessels changeable draft during flood season and leave space for vessels upsizing.But in practice the stipulation of the code is not fully comprehended and executed.Through analysis to the application of the stipulation,it is found that the simple stipulation cannot fully meet the requirements in the engineering practice.For locks on rivers,the upstream water level is controlled by the reseroir operation rule.There are five possibilities for the lowest navigation level.They are corresponding to different downstream water levels and the minimum water depth on sill should be decided separately.

关 键 词：船闸门槛最小水深 航道设计水深 航道可利用水深 船舶变吃水营运 

分 类 号：U612[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] U641[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]