浙江省不同生态条件对小麦产量和品质的影响  

Influence of Different Ecological Conditions on Wheat Yield and Quality in Zhejiang Province,China

作　　者：施德云 徐波 王其飞 华为[1] 沈华中 张良成 朱靖环[1] SHI Deyun;XU Bo;WANG Qifei;HUA Wei;SHEN Huazhong;ZHANG Liangcheng;ZHU Jinghuan(Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310021,China;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Jinyun County,Jinyun,Zhejiang 321400,China;Jiaxing Qinfeng Seed Industry Limited Company,Jiaxing,Zhejiang 314016,China;Zhejiang Agronomist College,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院作物与核技术利用研究所,浙江杭州310021 [2]缙云县农业农村局,浙江缙云321400 [3]嘉兴市勤丰种业有限公司,浙江嘉兴314016 [4]浙江农艺师学院,浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2023年第6期775-783,共9页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02064-3-3);浙江省缙云县院地合作项目(2021R16A77D02)。

摘　　要：为了解浙江省不同生态条件对小麦产量和品质的影响,选择11个小麦品种(系)为材料,以扬麦20为对照,分别种植在具有代表性的浙江省3个生态环境(嘉兴秀洲、绍兴上虞和丽水缙云),对不同生态环境下小麦产量和品质进行分析和评价。结果表明,生态环境、品种(系)及二者互作对小麦产量的影响均达极显著水平(P<0.01),其中生态环境对小麦产量的贡献率最大(80.54%)。由北向南,秀洲的小麦平均产量最高,上虞次之,缙云最低,不同生态环境间差异均极显著。缙云的小麦产量与有效穗呈显著的正相关,秀洲和上虞的小麦产量均与千粒重呈显著正相关。12个小麦品种(系)中,缙云、上虞和秀洲分别有8、6和1个品种(系)品质完全符合弱筋小麦标准,秀洲有4个品种(系)的品质达到中筋水平。从高产优质角度看,浙南和浙中地区适宜弱筋小麦生产,浙北适宜中筋小麦生产;浙南可选择分蘖强、有效穗多的品种种植,而浙中和浙北可选择种植千粒重高的品种。In order to explore the effect of different ecological conditions on wheat yield and quality in Zhejiang Province,and effectively carry out the breeding and application of new wheat varieties,the yield and quality of 11 wheat cultivars(lines)were detected,which were respectively planted in 3 representative regions of Zhejiang Province(Xiuzhou in Jiaxing,Shangyu in Shaoxing and Jinyun in Lishui),with Yangmai 20 as control.The results showed that the impact of the different locations,varieties,and the interactions between locations and varieties on wheat yield reached a highly significant level(P<0.01),among of which the environment contribution rate was the highest(80.54%).From north to south,the yield of Xiuzhou was the highest,followed by Shangyu and Jinyun,which they were highly significant differences among them.Correlation analysis showed that the yield in Jinyun was significantly positively correlated with the effective spike number,while the yield in Xiuzhou and Shangyu were significantly positively correlated with 1000-grain weight.Among the 12 wheat varieties(lines),The quality of 8,6 and 1 varieties(lines)met the quality standard for weak gluten wheat in Jinyun,Shangyu and Xiuzhou,respectively.The quality of four varieties(lines)in Xiuzhou reached medium gluten level.Based high yield and good quality,the production of weak-gluten wheat is suitable in South and Middle Zhejiang while middle-gluten wheat is suitable in North Zhejiang.Wheat varieties with strong tillering and more effective spikes may be selected in South Zhejiang,but varieties with high 1000-grain weight may be selected in Middle and Morth of Zhejiang.

关 键 词：小麦 生态条件 品种 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330