跑台运动对自然衰老小鼠海马突触可塑性及其相关蛋白表达的影响  

Effects of Treadmill Exercise on Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Expression of Related Proteins in Aging Mice

作　　者：王思诺 曹娅军 向青[2] 严家敏 林燕婷 庄悦阳 郭小琴 柳维林[2] WANG Sinuo;CAO Yajun;XIANG Qing;YAN Jiamin;LIN Yanting;ZHUANG Yueyang;GUO Xiaoqin;LIU Weilin(College of Rehabilitation Medicine,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Fuzhou,Fujian 350122,China;The Academy of Rehabilitation Industry,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Fuzhou,Fujian 350122,China)

机构地区：[1]福建中医药大学康复医学院,福建福州350122 [2]福建中医药大学康复产业研究院,福建福州350122

出　　处：《康复学报》2023年第3期241-250,共10页Rehabilitation Medicine

基　　金：国家级人才计划青年拔尖人才(2901-750072202)。

摘　　要：目的:探索认知功能相关因子及BDNF/TrkB/PI3K信号通路在跑台运动干预自然衰老小鼠认知记忆功能下降过程中的作用及其可能机制。方法:将16月龄C57BL/6J小鼠按照随机数字表法分为老年组和运动组2组,每组8只,另取8只6月龄同品系小鼠作为成年组。运动组进行为期6周的跑台运动,每次1 h,每天1次,每周5 d,持续6周。通过水迷宫实验检测各组小鼠干预前的记忆功能,采用巴恩斯(Barnes)迷宫实验、T迷宫实验、新物体识别实验进行干预后各组小鼠记忆功能的检测,以尼氏染色检测海马神经元形态,高尔基染色检测海马树突棘数量,RT-PCR检测认知功能相关因子在老年小鼠海马内的变化,Western blot检测海马BDNF/TrkB/PI3K信号通路相关蛋白的改变。结果:老年组小鼠巴恩斯迷宫逃避潜伏期时间较成年组明显延长(P<0.05)、T迷宫自主交替率、新物体识别率显著下降(P<0.05),但跑台运动干预后,运动组巴恩斯迷宫逃避潜伏期时间较老年组明显减少(P<0.05),T迷宫自主交替率、新物体识别率增加(P<0.05)。相较于成年组,老年组海马神经元染色浅,数量减少,排列稀疏;而与老年组比较,运动组染色渐深,排列有序,数量较多。与成年组小鼠比较,老年组小鼠海马树突棘密度明显降低(P<0.05),而运动组小鼠海马树突棘密度较老年组增加(P<0.05)。RT-PCR检测结果显示,老年组小鼠海马中Dlgap2、GNG4和KCNQ2 mRNA表达相较于成年组均降低,其中GNG4和KCNQ2 mRNA表达明显减少(P<0.05),而运动组小鼠海马中Dlgap2、GNG4和KCNQ2 mRNA较老年组表达则有所增加,且GNG4 mRNA表达显著增加(P<0.05)。此外,老年组小鼠海马组织中BDNF、TrkB、CREB、PI3K以及Akt的蛋白含量显著低于成年组(P<0.05),而跑台运动干预后,运动组小鼠海马组织中BDNF、TrkB蛋白含量较老年组增加(P<0.05)。结论:6周跑台运动可改善自然衰老小鼠认知记忆功能,其可能机制是通过激�Objective:To explore the role and possible mechanism of cognitive function-related factors and BDNF/TrkB/PI3K signaling pathway in the treadmill exercise intervention with the decline of cognitive memory function in naturally aging mice.Methods:A total of 16 months old C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the aged group and the exercise group,through a random number table method,with 8 mice in each group.And 6-month-old mice of the same strain were taken as the adult group(n=8).The exercise group performed a 6-week treadmill exercise,1 hour each time,once a day,and 5 days a week,for 6 weeks.The baseline memory function was detected by Morris water maze test before intervention.The memory function of mice in each group after intervention was detected by Barnes maze test,T maze test and new object recognition test.Nissl staining was used to detect the morphology of hippocampal neurons,Golgi staining was used to detect the number of dendritic spines in the hippocampus.RT-PCR was used to detect the changes of cognitive function-related factors in the hippocampus of aged mice,and Western blot was used to detect the changes of BDNF/TrkB/PI3K signaling pathway related proteins in the hippocampus.Results:The escape latency time of Barnes maze in the aged group was significantly longer than that in the adult group(P<0.05),and the spontaneous alternation rate of T maze and the recognition rate of new objects significantly decreased(P<0.05).However,after treadmill exercise,the escape latency time of Barnes maze in the exercise group was significantly shorter than that in the aged group(P<0.05),and the spontaneous alternation rate of T maze and the recognition rate of new objects increased(P<0.05).Compared with the adult group,the hippocampal neurons in the aged group were lightly stained,the number reduced,the arrangement was sparse;compared with the aged group,the exercise group showed darker staining,arranged in order,and more in quantity.Compared with the adult group,the density of hippocampal dendritic spines in the

关 键 词：衰老 认知功能 跑台运动 BDNF/TrkB/PI3K信号通路 突触可塑性 

分 类 号：R49[医药卫生—康复医学]