形状记忆合金增强复合材料力学试验分析  

Mechanical Experiments of Shape Memory Alloy Reinforced Composites

作　　者：王亮迪 许英杰[1,2] 王骏[1,3] 刘艳龙 Wang Liangdi;Xu Yingjie;Wang Jun;Liu Yanlong(State IJR Center of Aerospace Design and Additive Manufacturing,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;Unmanned System Research Institute,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航宇材料结构一体化设计与增材制造装备技术国际联合研究中心,西安710072 [2]西北工业大学机电学院,西安710072 [3]西北工业大学无人系统技术研究院,西安710072

出　　处：《航空兵器》2023年第2期70-76,共7页Aero Weaponry

基　　金：航空科学基金项目(20200007053001)。

摘　　要：针对碳纤维树脂基复合材料抗冲击性能差的问题,本文提出了一种内嵌超弹性形状记忆合金丝的碳纤维树脂基复合材料(SMA-CFRP)。采用热压罐成型工艺,选用SMA铺设层数、SMA铺设方向两个参数成型了4种CFRP复合材料样件,分别对其进行了单轴拉伸、低速冲击及三点弯曲试验。由于超弹性SMA丝具有独特的相变机制,在试验加载过程中,承受了准静态或动态载荷并吸收了部分能量,因此相较于CFRP,SMA-CFRP的极限拉伸强度最高提升了7.71%,且抗冲击性能显著提升。试验结果表明,内嵌超弹性SMA能显著改善CFRP在准静态和低速冲击载荷下的力学性能。To improve the impact resistance of carbon fiber polymer composite,this paper presents a carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite embedded with superelastic shape memory alloy wires(SMA-CFRP).By using the autoclave forming process,selecting two parameters of SMA layers number and SMA laying direction,four kinds of CFRP composite specimens are fabricated.Uniaxial tension test,low-velocity impact test and bending test are conducted on the four kinds of CFRP composite specimen.Due to the unique phase transition mechanism,the superelastic SMA wires takes quasi-static load or dynamic load and absorbs some partial energy during the test loading.Compared with CFRP,the ultimate tensile strength of SMA-CFRP is increased by up to 7.71%and the impact resistance is also significantly improved.The experimental results show that the embedded superelastic SMA can significantly improve the mechanical properties of CFRP under quasi-static load and low-velocity impact loads.

关 键 词：形状记忆合金 碳纤维树脂 复合材料 单轴拉伸试验 低速冲击试验 三点弯曲试验 

分 类 号：TJ760[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程] V257[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]