福建传统防御性民居平面类型与演变研究——以三明土堡与永泰庄寨为例  

The Plane Type and Evolution of Traditional Defensive Dwellings in Fujian:Taking Sanming Earthen Fort and Yongtai Zhuangzhai as an Example

作　　者：赵冲 邵源曦 谭思程 Zhao Chong;Shao Yuanxi;Tan Sicheng

机构地区：[1]福州大学建筑与城乡规划学院

出　　处：《华中建筑》2023年第6期114-119,共6页Huazhong Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于基因图谱辨识的海丝沿线传统民居空间组织形式及其形成机理研究”(编号:52078135)。

摘　　要：福建传统防御性民居以土堡,土楼和庄寨为代表,其中土堡与庄寨具有相似的平面空间构成,需要探析其平面构成与演变的异同。该文在梳理福建防御性建筑类型的基础上,以三明土堡和永泰庄寨为研究对象,运用类型学的方法,分析防御与居住两个部分的平面构成要素,根据构成要素的组合方式对二者平面分类。在区分土堡和庄寨空间格局的基础上,总结防御部分的空间类型,绘制居住部分合院的平面类型与演变路径,探析土堡和庄寨两者间演变的异同,总结福建传统防御性民居的空间构成原理,以找到福建传统防御性民居的演变规律。The traditional defensive dwellings in Fujian are represented by the Earthen Fort,Earth Building and Zhuangzhai,among which the Earthen Fort and Zhuangzhai are similar in their spatial composition.On the basis of sorting out the types of defensive buildings in Fujian,taking Sanming Earthen Fort and Yongtai Zhuangzhai as the research objects,and using the method of typology,we analyze the plane elements of defense and residence,and classify the two planes according to the combination of the constituent elements.On the basis of distinguishing soil fort and Zhuangzhai space pattern,we summarize the defense part of the space type,and draw living part courtyard flat type and evolution path,then we analyze the evolution similarities and differences between the soil fort and Zhuangzhai,and discuss the composition principle of Fujian traditional defensive residential space,so as to find the evolution law of Fujian traditional defensive dwellings.

关 键 词：土堡 庄寨 平面类型 扩张方式 空间构成 

分 类 号：TU241.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]