新安江流域土壤元素地球化学特征:来自岩石建造类型的约束  

Geochemical characteristics of soil elements in Xin’an River Basin:constraints from rock formation types

作　　者：唐志敏 张晓东[1] 张明[1] 周墨 田福金[1] 王尚晓 马青山 王冲 张洁[1] 牛晓楠 宗乐丽 黄丁伶 TANG Zhimin;ZHANG Xiaodong;ZHANG Ming;ZHOU Mo;TIAN Fujin;WANG Shangxiao;MA Qingshan;WANG Chong;ZHANG Jie;NIU Xiaonan;ZONG Leli;HUANG Dingling(Nanjing Center,China Geological Survey,Nanjing 210016,Jiangsu,China;Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing 210007,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心,江苏南京210016 [2]中国人民解放军陆军工程大学,江苏南京210007

出　　处：《华东地质》2023年第2期172-185,共14页East China Geology

基　　金：中国地质调查局“华东地区自然资源动态监测与风险评估(编号:DD20230103)”;国家自然科学基金“武功山地区早古生代不同成分花岗质岩石的成因与地壳熔融机制研究(编号:42002058)”;国家自然科学基金“基于空间先验与贝叶斯决策的高分遥感影像城市地表覆盖变化检测(编号:41901310)”项目联合资助。

摘　　要：成土母岩是土壤形成发育的物质基础,其岩石建造类型为土壤的元素地球化学特征提供重要约束。针对新安江流域各类岩石建造发育的土壤,以小流域为调查单元开展了生态地球化学调查,系统开展了不同地质背景下不同层位的土壤及相应母岩的对比研究,获取了该流域主要岩石建造土壤层、成土母质层以及成土母岩等介质中的主量元素、养分元素、重金属元素及其他有益元素的分布及分配特征。结果表明:各类元素在同一土壤-成土母质-成土母岩体系中的地球化学特征表现出一致性,除部分主量元素及pH值在不同岩石建造发育的土壤中存在较小差异外,大部分元素在新安江流域土壤中的组成及分布显著受其成土母岩的岩石建造类型控制。其中,黑色岩系及碳酸盐岩发育的土壤与全区背景差异最大,显著富集Cd、Cu、Se、Mo等亲硫元素,存在一定的环境质量风险;红层发育的土壤普遍缺乏N、P、有机质等养分元素,火山岩与侵入岩发育的土壤普遍富K元素,碎屑岩与变质岩发育的土壤元素地球化学特征与全流域背景差异较小。The pedogenic rock is the material basis for the soil formation and development,and its rock formation type provides important constraints for the element geochemical characteristics of the soil.For the soils originated from various types of rock formation in Xin’an River Basin,the ecological geochemical survey was carried out in the small watershed as the investigation unit.A comparative study of soils and corresponding parent rocks at different horizons under different geological settings was systematically conducted,obtaining the distribution and partitioning characteristics of major elements,nutrient elements,heavy metal elements and other beneficial elements in soil layer,parent material layer and pedogenic rock of the main rock formation in Xin’an River Basin.The results indicate consistent geochemical characteristics of various elements in the soil,parent material and pedogenic rock.The composition and distribution of most elements in the soil of Xin’an River Basin are apparently controlled by the rock formation type of their pedogenic rock,except some major elements and pH values showing minor difference among the soils sourced from different rock formations.The soil developed from black rock series and carbonate rock is the most different from the background of the whole region,which is significantly enriched with sulphophile elements such as Cd,Cu,Se,Mo,existing a certain environmental quality risk.The soil derived from red beds is generally lack of N,P and organic matter,while that from volcanic rocks and granite is generally rich in K.The geochemical characteristics of the soil elements come from clastic rocks and metamorphic rocks are slightly different from the background of the whole basin.

关 键 词：土壤 岩石建造 元素 地球化学 新安江流域 

分 类 号：P595[天文地球—地球化学] P642.13[天文地球—地质学]