高密度电法在广西大石山区三种不同岩性地层的找水应用  

Application of high density electrical method on water finding in three different lithological strata in rocky mountain area of Guangxi

作　　者：唐甫 马富安 陈博 彭马俊 翁敦贤 冯小波 TANG Fu;MA Fu'an;CHEN Bo;PENG Majun;WENG Dunxian;FENG Xiaobo(Guangxi Nonferrous Survey&Design Institute,Nanning 530031,Guangxi,China;China Nonferrous Metals(Guilin)Geology and Mining Co.,Ltd.,Guilin 541004,Guangxi,China;Guilin Institute of Mineral Geology Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Guilin 541004,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西有色勘察设计研究院,广西南宁530031 [2]中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司,广西桂林541004 [3]桂林矿产地质研究院工程有限公司,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《矿产与地质》2023年第2期327-336,共10页Mineral Resources and Geology

基　　金：广西壮族自治区国土资源厅“广西大石山区、广西农村饮用水安全工程、广西抗旱找水打井”(桂国土资办[2013]262号、桂国土资办[2010]226号)项目资助。

摘　　要：广西大石山区、抗旱找水及贫困地区精准扶贫等找水打井工程项目,主要找水地层岩性为纯碳酸盐岩、碳酸盐岩夹碎屑岩、碎屑岩。通过3个实例总结了高密度电法在这三种典型地层中找水的数据分析方法及应用:纯碳酸盐岩区,岩溶相对较发育且连通性较好,含水层实测为大范围似层状低阻异常;碳酸盐岩夹碎屑岩区,地下电性结构随着碎屑岩沿测线分布范围的无规律变化,依据电阻率特征很难准确区分碳酸盐岩、碎屑岩及低阻含水层,应结合其他电性参数如极化率异常综合分析,排除无效异常;碎屑岩区岩性单一,电性特征与地层岩性基本一致,含水异常应主要追踪断层、裂隙等含水构造。异常推断解释,先数据反演定性了解测区电性结构,在视电阻率断面呈“U”、“V”型异常初步确定位置,最后将电测深曲线为“H”、“A”、“KH”、“HA”等类型的低阻异常测点排除低阻岩组干扰后推断为地下水有利异常测点,为设计井位、井深提供依据。通过实例对比,钻探异常深度比测深极距定量解释深度最大约浅10%,故设计井深宜定在测深曲线异常最低点的定量解释深度即可,含水层以下多余的井深可作为沉砂段使用,有利于成井的成本控制。这些数据分析方法和经验的成功应用,可为今后广西开展高密度电法找水提供参考。In the water detection and drilling engineering projects in Guangxi,such as drought fighting and water hunting in rocky mountain region and targeted poverty reduction in poor areas,the main lithology of water hunting formation is pure carbonate rock,carbonate rock with clastic rock and clastic rock.The data analysis methods and application of high density resistivity method for water searching in these three typical strata are summarized by three examples.The karst in the pure carbonate rocks is relatively developed and has a good connectivity.The measured aquifer has a wide range of stratified low resistance anomaly areas.In the area of carbonate rocks containing clastic rocks,it is difficult to distinguish carbonate rock,clastic rock and low-resistivity aquifer according to the resistivity characteristics because the underground electrical structure changes irregularly with the distribution range of clastic rock along the survey line.Therefore,a comprehensive analysis should be made in combination with other electrical parameters such as polarizability anomalies to exclude invalid anomalies.The clastic rock area has a single lithology,whose electric characteristics are basically consistent with the lithology.The process of anomaly inference is as follows.Firstly,the electrical structure of the survey area is qualitatively understood by data inversion,and the location is preliminarily determined when the apparent resistivity section is"U"and"V".Finally,the electrical sounding curves of"H","A","KH"and"HA"are determined as the low-resistivity anomaly measurement points.After eliminating the interference of low-resistivity rock group,the favorable groundwater anomaly detection points are inferred.It provides the basis for designing well location and well depth.Through comparison of the examples,the drilling anomaly depth is about 10%shallower than the quantitative interpretation depth of sounding pole,so the design well depth should be set at the quantitative interpretation depth of the lowest anomaly sounding curv

关 键 词：纯碳酸盐岩地区 碳酸盐岩夹碎屑岩地区 碎屑岩地区 高密度电阻率法 地下水勘查 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]