国产氢原子钟移动守时性能测试与分析  

Measurement and analysis on mobile time keeping performance of domestic hydrogen atomic clocks

作　　者：李帅辰 武建锋[1,3] 崔海波 方婧 LI Shuaichen;WU Jianfeng;CUI Haibo;FANG Jing(National Time Service Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710699,China;College of Integrated Circuits,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China;College of Electrical,Electronic and Communication Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家授时中心,西安710699 [2]中国科学院大学集成电路学院,北京101408 [3]中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院,北京101408

出　　处：《导航定位学报》2023年第3期38-44,共7页Journal of Navigation and Positioning

摘　　要：为了进一步研究国产氢原子钟在移动状态下的守时性能,比较静态、动态下氢钟性能的差异:对比分析使用比相仪和计数器采集数据效果的差异;再对比分析氢原子钟在静止和移动状态下频率稳定度的差距;然后测试分析氢原子钟由移动状态进入静止状态初期的频率稳定度;最后对原子钟的3种主要噪声进行分析。结果表明,在短期稳定度方面,计数器采集数据的阿伦方差远大于比相仪采集数据的阿伦方差,相差约2个量级;移动状态下,氢钟频率稳定度降低1个量级左右,短期稳定度下降到10^(-12)量级;由移动过程向静止过程转换的过程中,氢钟钟差数据的阿伦方差处于静止和移动状态下的阿伦方差之间,短期稳定度与静止状态下的阿伦方差处于同1个量级,可以达到10^(-13)量级,但这一阶段频率稳定度的波动较大;移动状态下,3种主要噪声均有增加,调相白噪声的增加量最大,说明调相白噪声对振动比较敏感,移动期间其对频率稳定度的影响较大。In order to further study the time keeping performance of domestic hydrogen atomic clocks in moving state,the paper compared the difference of hydrogen clock performance under static and dynamic conditions:the difference of data acquisition effect between phase comparator and counter was comparatively analyzed;and the difference of frequency stability between stationary and moving atomic hydrogen clocks was comparatively analyzed;then the frequency stability of the atomic hydrogen clock at the beginning of its transition from moving state to stationary state was tested and analyzed;finally,three main noises of atomic clocks were analyzed.Results showed that in terms of short-term stability,the Allen variance of the data collected by the counter could be far greater than that by the phase comparator,with a difference of about two orders of magnitude;in moving state,the frequency stability of hydrogen clocks would be reduced by about one order of magnitude,and the short-term stability would be reduced to 10^(-12)order of magnitude;during the transition from a moving process to a stationary process,the Allan variance of hydrogen clock difference data would be between the Allan variance in stationary and moving states,and the short-term stability and the Allan variance in the stationary state could be at the same order of magnitude,which would reach10^(-13) orders of magnitude,however,the frequency stability would fluctuate greatly at this stage;in moving state,the three main noises would all increase,and the increase of white phase modulation noise could be the largest,indicating that white phase modulation noise would be more sensitive to vibration,and it could have a greater impact on frequency stability during moving period.

关 键 词：国产氢原子钟 频率稳定度 阿伦方差 移动守时 原子钟噪声类型 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]