闪电光谱研究进展  

Research Progress of Lightning Spectroscopy

作　　者：刘国荣 王伟 朱维君 褚润通[1] 安婷婷 万瑞斌 袁萍 孙对兄 马云云 LIU Guo-rong;WANG Wei;ZHU Wei-jun;CHU Run-tong;AN Ting-ting;WAN Rui-bin;YUAN Ping;SUN Dui-xiong;MA Yun-yun(Department of Physics,School of Science,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Functional Materials of Gansu Province,College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Lanzhou City University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学理学院物理系,甘肃兰州730050 [2]西北师范大学物理与电子工程学院,甘肃省原子分子物理与功能材料重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [3]兰州城市学院电子与信息工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2023年第6期1661-1666,共6页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62065011);甘肃省科技计划-自然科学基金项目(20JR10RA157)资助。

摘　　要：简要回顾了早期闪电光谱的研究,分两个阶段综述了近二十年来国内外闪电光谱研究的最新进展。在20世纪60年代和70年代初,利用胶片相机获取的闪电光谱虽有诸多不足之处,但仍然取得了很多非常重要的研究成果,既为后期闪电光谱的研究奠定了坚实的基础,也指明了发展方向。2001年以来,国内首先利用普通数码摄像机组装成无狭缝光栅摄谱仪开始开展闪电光谱研究。普通数码摄像机虽然解决了胶片相机存在的问题,但拍摄速度较慢(50帧·s^(-1)),只能研究闪电回击通道在该时间范围内的整体性质。尽管如此,这些工作又一次推动了闪电光谱研究的发展,国际范围开始关注闪电光谱研究。Warner等于2011年用高速摄像机组装的无狭缝光谱仪记录到了云-地闪电梯阶先导的光谱,大幅度提高了拍摄速度(10000帧·s^(-1))。2012年以来,国内也开始利用以高速摄像机作为记录系统集成的无狭缝光栅摄谱仪捕获闪电光谱,用更高时间分辨率对闪电通道不同阶段的辐射光谱开展了大量研究,并取得了多项引人瞩目的成果,主要包括自然闪电的梯级先导、直窜先导和回击以及球状闪电和闪电通道核心的光谱研究。2017年,Walker报道了时间分辨率为1.5μs左右、波长范围分别为380~620和620~870 nm的人工触发闪电起始阶段、直窜先导、回击和连续电流阶段的光谱,但因拍摄范围太小,获取的只是闪电通道某一局部的光谱。由此可知,如何获取更高时空分辨率的光谱资料是闪电光谱研究领域急待解决的问题。In this paper,the research work on the early lightning spectrum is briefly reviewed,and then the latest progress of lightning spectrum research in the recent 20 years is reviewed in two stages.In the 1960s and early 1970s,although the lightning spectrum obtained by film cameras had many shortcomings,many important research results were achieved,which not only laid a solid foundation for the later research work of lightning spectrum but also pointed out the direction of development.Since 2001,the slit-less grating spectrograph assembled by ordinary digital camera has been used to study the lightning spectrum in China.Although an ordinary digital cameras solve the problem of film cameras,the shooting speed is slow(50 frames per second),and the nature of the lightning return stroke channel can only be studied in this time range.Nevertheless,these works once again promoted the development of lightning spectrum research,so the international gradually began to pay attention to lightning spectrum research.In 2011,Warner et al.recorded the spectrum of the cloud-ground lightning stepped leader with a slit-less spectrometer assembled with a high-speed camera,which improved the shooting speed to a certain extent(10000 frames per second).Since 2012,the slit-less grating spectrograph integrated with a high-speed camera as a recording system has been used in China to capture the lightning spectrum,and a lot of research work has been carried out on the radiation spectrum at different stages of the lightning channel under the condition of higher temporal resolution,and several eye-catching research results have been achieved.They mainly include the spectral study of the stepped leader,dart leader and return stroke of the natural lightning,as well as the ball lightning and the lightning channel core.In 2017,Warner reported the spectra of artificially triggered lightning initiation,dart leader,return stroke,and continuous current at a wavelength range of 380~620 and 620~870 nm with a time resolution of about 1.5 microseconds,but t

关 键 词：闪电光谱 高速摄谱仪 球状闪电 闪电通道核心 

分 类 号：O536[理学—等离子体物理]