成都市城市公园景观特征的“冷岛效应”研究  

Study on Cold Island Effect of Landscape Characteristics of Urban Parks in Chengdu

作　　者：陈力行 邓雅丽 张樱子 王妍[2] CHEN Lixing;DENG Yali;ZHANG Yingzi;WANG Yan

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学建筑学院建筑系,成都611756 [2]西南交通大学建筑学院,成都611756 [3]中国建筑学会乡土建筑分会,成都611756 [4]四川省建筑节能与绿色建筑青年委员会,成都611756 [5]四川省建筑师学会,成都611756

出　　处：《中国园林》2023年第5期132-138,共7页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“基于微气候改善的西藏高原城市社会生活空间优化及设计研究”(编号:51578453);四川省自然科学基金项目“极端气候与脆弱生态环境约束下村寨人居环境提升关键技术及示范应用”(编号:2021YFQ0040)共同资助。

摘　　要：城市化的快速发展使中国城市景观格局发生显著改变,热岛效应等生态问题日渐突出。为探究城市公园的冷岛效应,以成都市为例,基于Landsat 8、Sentinel-2遥感影像,借助Arc GIS、ENVI平台,从公园内部景观构成、斑块形态和空间布局3个方面,量化分析了公园景观特征对公园冷岛(Park Cool Island,PCI)效应的影响。结果表明:当公园面积小于32hm~2和大于32hm~2时,最佳降温效应下公园内部景观斑块的构成、形状、空间分布规律呈现不同的规律特征,32hm~2是公园降温效应变化的转折点,综合考虑公园投入的建设面积与其降温效应的收益,公园建设面积小于32hm~2较为合理。The rapid development of urbanization has significantly changed the urban landscape pattern in China,and the ecological problems such as heat island effect have become increasingly prominent.In order to explore the cold island effect of urban parks,taking Chengdu as an example,based on Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 remote sensing images,and with the help of ArcGIS and ENVI platforms,this paper quantitatively analyzes the impact of park landscape characteristics on the cold island effect of parks from three aspects:landscape composition,patch shape and spatial layout in the park.The results show that when the park area is less than 32hm~2 or greater than 32hm~2,the composition,shape and spatial distribution of landscape patches in the park under the optimal cooling effect show different characteristics.32hm~2 is the turning point of the change of park cooling effect.Considering the construction area invested by the park and the benefits of the cooling effect,the park area of less than 32hm~2 is more reasonable.

关 键 词：风景园林 城市公园 景观特征 冷岛效应 遥感反演 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]