基于区块链的车辆信息管理和事故自动取证系统  

Vehicle Information Management and Accident Digital Forensics System Based on Blockchain

作　　者：汤志宏 彭雅丽[2] Tang Zhihong;Peng Yali(Jiangxi University of Technology,Nanchang 330098;Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022)

机构地区：[1]江西科技学院,南昌330098 [2]江西师范大学,南昌330022

出　　处：《汽车技术》2023年第6期17-23,共7页Automobile Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71661015)。

摘　　要：为提高交通事故取证和定责的智能化水平,提出了基于区块链和共识机制的车辆信息管理和事故取证系统。基于许可区块链进行车辆信息管理,利用车辆电子控制单元(ECU)与路侧单元(RSU)的通信确保车辆数据的合法性和完整性。其中,利用RSU自动管理相关车辆数据,并通过实用拜占庭容错(pBFT)协议达成数据可靠性共识。试验结果表明,所提出的区块链方案能够满足交通应用的实时性需求,试验场景下的区块创建延迟和质询-应答验证耗时分别不超过18.13 ms和1.55 ms。定性试验结果表明,所提出的框架能够抵御已知的安全攻击,并确保数据可靠性,可帮助执法部门完成交通事故定责。In order to improve the intelligent level of evidence collection and responsibility determination of traffic accidents,this article proposed a vehicle information management and accident forensics system based on blockchain and consensus mechanism.Vehicle information was managed in a permissioned blockchain framework,and the communication between the Electronic Control Unit(ECU)of the vehicle and the Road Side Unit(RSU)was used to ensure the legitimacy and integrity of vehicle data.In the proposed traffic accident digital forensics scheme,the data from involved vehicles was automatically managed by the RSU,and a consensus on data reliability was achieved through the practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance(pBFT)protocol.The experimental results show that the proposed blockchain scheme is able to meet the real-time requirements of transportation applications,and the block generation delay and Q-A verification delay in the experimental scenario do not exceed 18.13 ms and 1.55 ms,respectively.The qualitative results show that the proposed framework is able to resist known security attacks,ensure data reliability,and can help law enforcement achieve fair traffic accident liability determination.

关 键 词：车辆信息管理 交通事故数字取证 区块链 共识机制 信用管理系统 实用拜占庭容错 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]