丁酸梭菌对肉鸡生产性能、免疫力、小肠黏膜形态和盲肠菌群的影响  

Effects of Clostridium butyricum on Growth Performance,Immunity,Small Intestinal Mucosa Morphology and Cecal Flora of Broilers

作　　者：张作栋 王丽莎 张海棠[1] ZHANG Zuodong;WANG Lisha;ZHANG Haitang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,Henan China;Luohe Food Vocational College,Luohe 462000,Henan China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院动物科技学院,河南新乡453003 [2]漯河食品职业学院,河南漯河462000

出　　处：《饲料博览》2023年第3期1-8,共8页Feed Review

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划食品安全关键技术研发重大专项子课题(2019YFC1605705)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探讨日粮中添加丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butyricum,CB)对肉鸡生产性能、免疫力、小肠黏膜形态和盲肠菌群的影响。采用单因素试验设计,选择1日龄健康AA肉鸡720只,随机分为6组,每组120只,设6个重复,每个重复20只,试验期42 d,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组分别在基础日粮基础上添加CB 250、500、750、1 000 mg·kg^(-1)和1 250 mg·kg^(-1)。结果显示:与对照组相比,试验Ⅳ组(1 000 mg·kg^(-1))对提高生产性能效果最好,平均日采食量(AFDI)高于对照组(P>0.05),平均日增重(ADG)提高了6.41%(P<0.05),料重比(F/G)降低了4.29%(P<0.05);试验Ⅳ组对增强免疫力效果最好,42日龄时,胸腺指数、脾脏指数和法氏囊指数分别提高了6.45%(P<0.05)、12.92%(P<0.05)和13.94%(P<0.05),IgA、IgG和IgM含量分别提高了27.36%(P<0.05)、28.95%(P<0.05)和28.24%(P<0.05)。试验Ⅳ组对改善小肠黏膜形态效果最好,42日龄时,绒毛高度(VH)提高了13.95%(P<0.05),隐窝深度(CD)降低了12.03%(P<0.05),VH/CD值提高了29.56%(P<0.05);试验Ⅳ组对改善肉鸡盲肠菌群结构效果最好,42日龄时,大肠杆菌数量降低了18.19%(P<0.05),沙门氏菌数量降低了16.07%(P<0.05),乳酸杆菌数量提高了13.96%(P<0.05),双歧杆菌数量提高了19.57%(P<0.05)。说明肉鸡日粮中添加CB可以提高生产性能,增强免疫力,改善小肠黏膜形态,调节盲肠菌群,最适宜添加剂量为1 000 mg·kg^(-1)。To investigate the effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum(CB)on performance,immunity,small intestinal mucosa morphology and cecal flora of broilers.A total of 7201-day-old healthy AA broilers were randomly divided into six groups with 120 broilers per group and six replicates with 20 broilers per replicate.The experiment lasted for 42 days.The hens in the control group were fed a basal diet,while those in the experimental groupsⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,ⅣandⅤwere fed the basal diet supplemented with CB 250,500,750 and 1000 mg·kg^(-1) and 1250 mg·kg^(-1),respectively.The results showed that compared with the control group,the experimental groupⅣ(1000 mg·kg^(-1))had the best effect on improving growth performance,average daily feed intake(AFDI)was higher than that of the control group(P>0.05),and average daily gain(ADG)was increased by 6.41%(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain(F/G)was decreased by 4.29%(P<0.05).Experimental groupⅣhad the best effect on enhancing immunity.At 42 days of age,thymus index,spleen index and bursa of Fabricius index were increased by 6.45%(P<0.05),12.92%(P<0.05)and 13.94%(P<0.05),respectively.The contents of IgA,IgG and IgM were increased by 27.36%(P<0.05),28.95%(P<0.05)and 28.24%(P<0.05),respectively.At 42 days of age,villus height(VH)was increased by 13.95%(P<0.05),and the crypt depth(CD)was decreased by 12.03%(P<0.05).The VH/CD value was increased by 29.56%(P<0.05),and the experimental groupⅣhad the best effect on the improvement of cecum flora structure.At 42 days of age,the number of E.coli was decreased by 18.19%(P<0.05),the number of Salmonella was decreased by 16.07%(P<0.05),the number of Lactobacillus was increased by 13.96%(P<0.05),and the number of Bifidobacterium was increased by 19.57%(P<0.05).Adding CB to broilers'diets could improve performance,enhance the immunity,improve the morphology of small intestinal mucosa and regulate cecal flora,and the optimal dosage was 1000 mg·kg^(-1).

关 键 词：丁酸梭菌 肉鸡 生产性能 免疫力 小肠黏膜形态 盲肠菌群 

分 类 号：S816.3[农业科学—饲料科学]