添加生物炭和氮素对酸性土壤CO_(2)和N_(2)O排放的影响  

Effect of biochar and nitrogen application on CO_(2) and N_(2)O emissions in acidic soils

作　　者：史雅童 潘亚男[2] 曹文超 郭景恒[2] 王娅静 SHI Yatong;PAN Yanan;CAO Wenchao;GUO Jingheng;WANG Yajing(College of Resources and Environmental Science/Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco Environment of Hebei Province,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;College of Resources and Environmental Science,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Weifang University of Science and Technology,Shouguang 262700,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院/河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定071000 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [3]潍坊科技学院,山东寿光262700

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2023年第3期60-66,共7页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42107345);河北省自然科学基金项目(D2020204006);河北农业大学引进人才科研专项(YJ201845)。

摘　　要：为探索添加生物炭和氮素对土壤温室气体(Greenhouse gas,GHG)排放的影响,以贵州省酸性森林土壤为研究对象,通过15 d的室内培养试验检测不同生物炭水平(0、30和60 g/kg)、氮素水平(0和30 mg N/kg)和氮素类型(硝态氮和铵态氮)条件下土壤CO_(2)和N_(2)O浓度的动态变化。结果表明:添加生物炭使CO_(2)排放量增加了18.88%~129.44%,增加量随生物炭水平的增加而增加,且厌氧条件的增加量高于好氧。添加生物炭使厌氧条件下N_(2)O的累积浓度降低了99.97%~99.99%,而使好氧条件下增加了170.82%~252.14%。添加硝态氮和铵态氮分别使土壤CO_(2)累积浓度增加了21.25%和31.71%,N_(2)O累积浓度增加了24.29%和0.00%。同时添加生物炭和氮素对土壤CO_(2)和N_(2)O排放也有促进作用,但促进效果低于仅添加生物炭或仅添加氮素处理。厌氧条件添加生物炭使全球增温潜势显著降低,表明生物炭对酸性土壤厌氧环境下GHG减排的贡献不容小觑。In order to explore the effects of biochar and nitrogen on soil greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,the dynamic changes of CO_(2) and N_(2)O concentrations in acidic forest soils in Guizhou Province were detected after 15 days incubation of different biochar levels(0,30 and 60 g/kg),nitrogen levels(0 and 30 mg N/kg)and nitrogen types(nitrate and ammonium).The results showed that biochar addition increased CO_(2) emissions by 18.88%-129.44%.The CO_(2) concentration increased with the increase of biochar levels,and the response to biochar levels was greater under anaerobic conditions than under aerobic conditions.Biochar addition decreased N_(2)O concentration by 99.97%-99.99% under anaerobic conditions,while increased N2O concentration by 170.82%-252.14% under aerobic conditions.The application of nitrate and ammonium increased soil CO_(2) emissions by 21.25% and 31.71%,and N2O emissions by 24.29% and 0.00%,respectively.Simultaneous addition of biochar and nitrogen also increased soil CO_(2) and N_(2)O concentrations,but the increase was less intense than with biochar or nitrogen only.Global warming potential was significantly reduced only in biochar addition treatments under anaerobic condition,revealing that the contribution of biochar to GHG reduction in acidic soil under anaerobic conditions can not be overemphasized as well.

关 键 词：二氧化碳 氧化亚氮 生物炭 氮素 酸性土壤 

分 类 号：S714.8[农业科学—林学]