畜禽养殖场典型臭味成分吲哚和3⁃甲基吲哚形成及消解机制  

The Formation and Decomposition Mechanism of typical Odor Components Indole and 3􀆼methylindole of Livestock and Poultry Farms

作　　者：邓盾 余琴 翁光英 马新燕 卢钰升 马现永 Deng Dun;Yu qin;Wen Guangying;Ma Xinyan;LU Yusheng;Ma Xianyong(Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat quality and Safety Control and Evaluation,Guangzhou Guangdong 510640;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou Guangdong 510640)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所/畜禽育种国家重点实验室/农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室/广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室/广东畜禽肉品质量安全控制与评定工程技术研究中心,广东广州510640 [2]广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,广东广州510640

出　　处：《广东畜牧兽医科技》2023年第3期18-23,41,共7页Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science

基　　金：广东省农业科学院低碳农业与碳中和研究中心(XTXM202204);广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金(2023TS⁃3);汕尾市科技计划项目(2022A002);广东省2022乡村振兴战略专项省级组织实施专项(XM⁃101022⁃13);南雄市驻镇帮镇扶村农村科技特派员项目(2021⁃2024)。

摘　　要：因养殖恶臭味引发的环境案件频发,养殖场强化臭气减排工作日益紧迫。该文主要对畜禽养殖场典型臭味成分吲哚和3⁃甲基吲哚的形成机制、降解方法以及防控过程中存在的问题进行详细阐述。色氨酸是吲哚和3⁃甲基吲哚形成的源头,采用发酵饲料、酸化剂和益生菌能够从源头控制吲哚的形成。改变肠道pH值也能够显著减少3⁃甲基吲哚的生成;添加微生物及一些酶制剂能够很好控制粪污储存过程中吲哚和3⁃甲基吲哚的形成;在猪舍设计时,考虑使用环控设备,强化物理除臭手段,对吲哚和3⁃甲基吲哚进行进一步消减,从而实现系统性控制吲哚类恶臭物形成和传播。该文为科学防控养殖场恶臭物污染提供了参考依据。Due to frequent environmental cases caused by the foul odor of farming,the reduction of odor emissions in farms has become increasingly urgent.This article focuses on the formation mechanisms,degradation methods,and problems in the prevention and control process of typical odor components such as indole and 3⁃methylindole in livestock and poultry farms.Tryptophan is the source of indole and 3⁃methylindole formation,and using fermented feed,acidifiers,and probiotics can control the formation of indole at the source.Changing the intestinal pH can significantly reduce the generation of 3⁃methylindole.Adding microorganisms and enzyme preparations can effectively control the formation of indole and 3⁃methylindole during manure storage.When designing pig pens,consider using environmental control equipment and enhancing physical odor elimination methods to further reduce the generation and spread of indole class malodorous substances,and achieve systematic control of their formation and transmission.This article provides a reference for scientific prevention and control of malodorous pollutants in farms.

关 键 词：臭气:吲哚 3⁃甲基吲哚 降解 养殖环境 

分 类 号：S815.4[农业科学—畜牧学]