训练者和无训练者的心脏自主神经功能及其对中等强度有氧运动的反应特征  

Cardiac Autonomic Nerve Function of Trained and Untrained Men and Their Response to Moderateintensity Aerobic Exercise

作　　者：胡辉[1] 戴海伦 钱永东[1] 张勇 Hu Hui;Dai Hailun;Qian Yongdong;Zhang Yong(College of Physical Education and Health Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;School of Medicine,Shaoxing University,Shaoxing 312000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学体育与健康科学学院,浙江金华321004 [2]绍兴文理学院医学院,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2023年第3期201-209,共9页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：绍兴文理学院科研启动基金(13011002002/106)。

摘　　要：目的:比较训练者和无训练者的自主神经功能及其对一次30分钟中等强度有氧运动的反应特征。方法:17名有训练健康男性和20名无训练健康男性采用60%VO_(2max)强度进行30 min跑台运动,测试运动前安静状态(PRE)、运动中(EX)、运动后50~60 min(POST1)和次日晨(POST2)的心率变异性(HRV),比较有训练者和无训练者安静状态、运动状态和运动后恢复期的HRV差异以及有训练者和无训练者运动前、运动中、运动后的HRV变化特征。结果:(1)安静状态训练者相邻RR间期差值的均方根(RMSSD)、相邻RR间期相差大于50 ms的数量占总心搏数的百分比(PNN50)、总功率(TP)、高频功率(HF)、低频功率(LF)均高于无训练者(P<0.05),而低频高频比值(LF/HF)两者无显著差异;运动中训练者的RMSSD、HF、LF高于无训练者(P<0.05),LF/HF两者无差异;运动后50~60 min训练者相邻RR间期标准差(SDNN)、RMSSD、PNN50、TP、HF、LF高于无训练者(P<0.05),LF/HF两者无差异;运动后次日晨训练者SDNN、RMSSD、PNN50、TP、HF、LF高于无训练者(P<0.05),LF/HF两者无差异。(2)运动中训练者和无训练者的SDNN、RMSSD、PNN50、TP、HF、LF低于运动前(P<0.01);运动后50~60 min训练者和无训练者的SDNN、RMSSD、TP、HF、LF、LF/HF均高于运动中(P<0.01),但训练者的RMSSD、HF仍低于运动前(P<0.05),LF/HF高于运动前(P<0.001),而未训练者的SDNN、RMSSD、TP、HF、LF仍低于运动前(P<0.05),LF/HF高于运动前(P<0.001);运动后次日晨训练者和无训练者的RMSSD、TP、HF、LF、LF/HF与运动前无差异,SDNN高于运动前(P<0.05)。结论:长期有氧运动可能有助于改善年轻男性安静状态以及运动和恢复期的交感神经和迷走神经活性,但对交感神经与迷走神经平衡无明显影响。一次60%VO_(2max)强度30 min有氧运动可导致年轻男性心脏自主神经活性显著抑制,恢复期可再激活;从其具体恢复过程来看,交感神经恢复快于迷走神经,训练者�Objective To compare the differences in cardiac autonomie nerve function between trained and untrained men as well as their response following a 30-minute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise.Methods Seventeen trained and 20 untrained healthy male adults underwent a 30-minute treadmill exercise at 60%VO_(2max)intensity.The heart rate variability(HRV)was recorded before exercise(PRE),during exercise(EX),50~60 min after exercise(POST1)and the next morning(POST2).The differences in HRVwere compared between trained and untrained men,as well as at diferent time points.Results(1)In PRE,the root mean square of successive RR interval differences(RMSSD),the percent of adjacent RR intervals with a dfference more than 50 ms(PNN50),the total frequency power(TP),high frequency component(HF)and low frequency component(LF)of trained men were significantly higher than those untrained(P<0.05),but no significant differences were found between them in the low-and high-frequency component(LF/HF).During the exercise,the average RMSSD,HF and LF of the trained men were significantly higher than those untrained(P<0.05),and there was no dfference in LF/HF.In POST1,the standard deviation of RR intervals(SDNN),RMSSD,PNN50,TP,HF and LF of the trained were significantly higher the untrained(P<0.05),and no differencewas found in the averageL IF/HF.In POST2,the average SDNN,RMSSD,PNN50,TP,HF and LF of the trained men were significantly higher than the untrained(P<0.05),with no differences in the average LF/HF.(2)The average SDNN,RMSSD,PNN50,TP,HF and LF of the trained and untrained men during exercise were signifcantly lower than the pre-exercise values(P<0.01),while their average SDNN,RMSSD,TP,HF,LF and LF/HF in POST1 were significantly higher than EX(P<0.01),with the RMSSD and HF of the trained men still significantly lower than PRE(P<0.05),and their LF/HF significantly higher than PRE(P<0.001).Meanwhile,in POST1,the average SDNN,RMSSD,TP,HF and LF of the untrained men were lower than PRE(P0.05),with their LF/HF significantly higher than PRE(

关 键 词：耐力训练 心脏自主神经功能 心率变异性 安静状态 中等强度有氧运动 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病] G808.1[医药卫生—内科学]