梅雨时期空调表冷器对送风中真菌气溶胶的影响  

Impacts of cooling coils on airborne fungi in an air-conditioning system during the plum rain season

作　　者：杨薇 邹钺[1] 谷雨倩 李姝丽 林钰 扈茂玲 杨自力 YANG Wei;ZOU Yue;GU Yuqian;LI Shuli;LIN Yu;HU Maoling;YANG Zili(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期104-111,共8页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52008078);上海市科技英才“扬帆计划”资助项目(19YF1401800);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2232018D3-36)。

摘　　要：梅雨季的长期高湿容易促进真菌滋生,使空调散发“霉味”。为明确这一特殊气候下空调送风过程中的真菌气溶胶吸入风险,在2021年6-7月的上海梅雨时期,试验研究了空调表冷器上下游真菌气溶胶浓度、粒径分布与群落的变化。结果表明:梅雨时期真菌在表冷器上滋生迅速,下游空气中真菌浓度相比上游增加约24.5%;表冷器对大粒径真菌表现出拦截效应,对小粒径真菌表现出滋生效应;大粒径(>4.70μm)真菌由于表冷器的拦截沉降而减少,而滋生效应使下游空气中的小粒径(0.65~1.10μm)真菌显著增多,且有害菌种如限制性马拉色菌(Malassezia restricta)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)的相对丰度较大,增大了人员的吸入风险;在表冷器内的各排盘管表面,真菌浓度呈显著的“J”型分布特征。The prolonged high humidity of the plum rainy season tends to promote the growth of fungi,causing air conditioners to emit a“musty”smell.The changes in fungal aerosol concentration,particle size distribution and community upstream and downstream of air-conditioning cooling coil were investigated during the plum rain season from June to July in 2021 in Shanghai.The results show that the fungal concentration in the downstream air increases by about 24.5%due to the rapid growth of fungi on the cooling coil during the rainy period.The cooling coil shows an interception effect on large particle size fungi and a tropism effect on small particle size fungi.The large particle size(>4.70μm)fungi are reduced by the interception and sedimentation of the cooling coil.The tropism effect leads to a significant increase in small particle size(0.65 to 1.10μm)fungi in the downstream air,and the increase of the relative abundance of harmful species such as Malassezia restricta,Aspergillus niger,etc.leads to the increase of inhalation risk.The fungi concentration shows a“J”-shaped deposition distribution along the rows of the cooling coils.

关 键 词：空调表冷器 真菌气溶胶 梅雨时期 粒径分布 空气品质 

分 类 号：TU834[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]