香蕉根际土壤原生动物群落特征及与枯萎病病原菌的关系  

Characteristics of Protist Community in Banana Rhizosphere Soil and Interactions between Protists and Pathogens of Fusarium Wilt Disease

作　　者：任翔宇 刘满意 孙铭泽 杨劲明 王蓓蓓[1] 李荣[2] REN Xiangyu;LIU Manyi;SUN Mingze;YANG Jinming;WANG Beibei;LI Rong(College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Organic Waste Utilization,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes,Ministry of Education Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物学院,海口570228 [2]江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高技术研究重点实验室,江苏省有机固体废弃物协同创新中心,教育部资源节约型肥料工程技术研究中心,南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095

出　　处：《土壤学报》2023年第2期558-567,共10页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(320RC483);国家自然科学基金项目(41867006)资助。

摘　　要：香蕉枯萎病由病原真菌尖孢镰刀菌4号生理小种引起,其根际微生物组是抵御病原菌入侵的关键屏障。根际原生动物群落在根际微生物群落调控以及植物健康方面有不可忽视的作用。利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术分析连作蕉园中植株发病前后根际土壤原生动物群落特征变化以及其与病原菌的相互关系。结果表明:相较于可培养细菌与真菌,原生动物的数量对病原菌的种群数量变化的影响更大;根际原生动物的群落多样性与丰富度都随植株生长而降低,且在发病植株中更低;抽蕾前后的健康与发病植株中根际原生动物群落结构存在显著差异;总体而言,吞噬型原生动物的相对丰度显著高于其他功能类型的原生动物,且在健康与发病植株中差异显著;吞噬型原生动物中与病原菌具有显著相关性的多为丝足虫门;在抽蕾期的健康植株中,丝足虫门的高丰度属中Group-Te与Cercomonas属与病原菌呈显著负相关;在抽蕾期的患病植株中,相对丰度较高的植物致病型原生动物Pythium属与病原菌呈显著正相关。综上所述,根际土壤中原生动物对病原菌的影响较大,在植株生长过程中,原生动物的群落特征发生改变,且在发病与健康植株中存在差异。与病原菌具有显著负相关的吞噬型原生动物,尤其是丝足虫门的部分高丰度属,可能会在防控香蕉枯萎病上产生一定潜力。【Objective】As a serious banana disease and a significant limiting factor in banana production worldwide,banana Fusarium wilt disease is caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense race 4(FOC).The rhizosphere microbiome of plants is a key barrier that defends plant roots from an invasion of soil-borne pathogens.Most studies of the rhizosphere microbiome have focused on bacterial and fungal communities.However,as an important component of the rhizosphere microbiome,the rhizosphere protist community has been neglected in the regulation of microbiome and plant health.This study was conducted to explore the characteristics of the soil protist community in healthy and diseased plants and the interactions between protists and pathogens through field experiments of continuous cropping of bananas.【Method】In this paper,high-throughput Illumina MiSeq sequencing was applied to analyze the differences of soil protist community structure and composition among different treatments in field experiments.【Result】Results show that the relative importance of protists in predicting pathogenic Fusarium number was 47.19%,suggesting that protists might be the best predictor for pathogen number than culturable bacteria and fungi.The diversity and richness of the rhizosphere protist community decreased during plant growth and was lower in diseased plants.The composition and community structure of protists differed between healthy and diseased plants in rhizosphere soil.Also,the relative abundance of phagotrophic protists was highest compared to other functional groups in all soil samples,showing an increasing trend throughout plant development and enriched in diseased plants.Before the heading stage,the relative abundance of Bacillariophyta_X_unclassified,a phototrophic protist,was highest in healthy plants but decreased at a later stage.In healthy plants,the relative abundances of Group-Te and Cercomonas,phagotrophic protists,were higher at the heading stage.It was also observed that diseased plants showed a

关 键 词：香蕉土传枯萎病病原菌 根际 土壤原生动物 吞噬型原生动物 土传病害防治 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]