汉语移位式话题结构中的逆向回指及其中介语处理研究  

Backward binding in movement-derived topic structures in Chinese and an interlanguage processing study

作　　者：马志刚[1] 庾小美 MA Zhigang;YU Xiaomei(Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510420,China;School of English Education,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510420,China)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心,广东广州510420 [2]广东外语外贸大学英语教育学院,广东广州510420

出　　处：《华文教学与研究》2023年第2期19-30,共12页TCSOL Studies

摘　　要：包含回指词的受事话题成分是汉语执行话题化操作的非论元成分,而由此生成的长距离汉语话题结构具备填充词-空位句法依存关系,因此其二语在线理解的时间进程可以验证中介语语法表征的实质性特点。据此实施的自定步速阅读研究结果显示:与汉语母语者相比,成人二语者在线句子处理的速度显著减慢、用时显著增多,可能的原因在于成人二语者运用结构信息的能力非常有限,而且其处理策略和处理程序均非优化的本族语选项。中间空位在中介语语法中的缺失说明二语者并不能为汉语移位式话题结构构建出具有层级性的结构表征,而二语句子处理则可能主要采用直接联系的语义策略。研究结论支持汉语受事宾语话题句衍生而成的理论分析,而原位生成观既不符合语法理论构建的经济性也与汉语以SVO为主导语序的语言直觉并不一致。Patient topics containing a reflexive are non-arguments derived from topicalization in Chinese,and the relevant topic structures contain filler-gap dependencies,whose L2 on-line processing may shed light on the nature of interlanguage representation.The present self-paced reading study,focusing on the long distance relationship,reveals the following results:In comparison with native Chinese speakers,the adults L2ers demonstrate significantly slower reading pace and take much longer time in processing the relevant topic structures in Chinese.A potential account is that adult L2ers are lacking in the capacity of making full use of structural details,and the processing strategies and processing routines employed by adult L2ers are non-optimal and different from native options.The finding that interlanguage grammars may not represent intermediate gaps points to adult L2ers􀆳incapability to establish hierarchical structures for movement-derived topic structures in Chinese.The conclusions drawn from this study support the movement analysis of Chinese patient topic structures,and argue against the base-generation option,which is orthogonal to the economy of theoretical construction and does not follow the native intuition that SVO dominates the canonical word order in Chinese.

关 键 词：二语句子处理 逆向约束 汉语话题结构 结构信息 填充词-空位 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语] H193.4