外源CaCl_(2)对骏枣裂果的生理调控研究  

Physiological Regulation of CaCl_(2) on Fruit Cracking in Jujube

作　　者：胡海燕 袁维 李江斌 王振磊[1,2] 吴翠云 林敏娟[1,2] HU Haiyan;YUAN Wei;LI Jiangbin;WANG Zhenlei;WU Cuiyun;LIN Minjuan(College of Horticulture and Forestry,Tarim University,Arar,Xinjiang 843300,China;National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Fruit Trees with Special Characteristics in South Xinjiang,Alar,Xinjiang 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学园艺与林学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2023年第6期13-20,共8页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31560541);兵团创新创业平台与基地建设项目(2019CB001);兵团民生实事项目(MSSS201901)。

摘　　要：旨在探究CaCl_(2)与骏枣裂果的关系及其潜在生理机制,为有效降低裂果提供理论及技术支撑。在骏枣的不同生育期(幼果期、膨大期、白熟期、幼果期至白熟期)分别喷施不同浓度的CaCl_(2)(1、2、5 mg·mL^(-1)),分析骏枣的抗裂效果及其果皮细胞壁物质含量、果皮细胞壁保护酶活性,以及果皮渗透调节物质等生理指标的变化情况。结果表明:喷施外源CaCl_(2)可以显著降低裂果率,裂果率与浸果裂果率、裂果指数、吸水率、水溶性果胶含量呈极显著正相关,与离子结合果胶、共价结合果胶、纤维素含量、细胞壁保护酶活性、渗透调节物质蛋白质和可溶性糖含量呈极显著负相关关系,外源钙会抑制原果胶和纤维素的降解,促进果实渗透调节平衡,增强对外界的抗逆性。综上,在幼果期至白熟期喷施6次2 mg·mL^(-1)CaCl_(2)抗裂效果最好;若考虑成本,白熟期喷施2次2 mg·mL^(-1)CaCl_(2)效果最佳。To investigate the relationship between CaCl_(2)and jujube fruit cracking and its potential physiological mechanism,and to provide theoretical and technical support for effective reduction of jujube fruit cracking.The anti-cracking effect of jujube and the changes of physiological indexes such as pericarp cell wall substance content,pericarp cell wall protective enzyme activity and pericarp osmoregulatory substances were analyzed by spraying different concentrations of CaCl_(2)(1,2 and 5 mg·mL^(-1))at different fertility stages of jujube(young fruit stage,expansion stage,white ripening stage and young fruit stage to white ripening stage).The results showed that spraying exogenous CaCl_(2)significantly reduced fruit cracking rate.Fruit cracking rate was highly significantly and positively correlated with imbibed fruit cracking rate,cracking index,water absorption rate and water-soluble pectin content;and highly significantly and negatively correlated with ion-bound pectin,covalently bound pectin,cellulose content,cell wall protective enzyme activity,osmoregulatory substance protein and soluble sugar content.CaCl_(2)inhibited the degradation of protopectin and cellulose in jujube,promoted the osmoregulatory balance of the fruit and enhanced the resistance to external stress.In conclusion,six sprays of two 2 mg·mL^(-1) CaCl_(2)at the young to white ripening stage of jujube works best against cracking;if cost is considered,two sprays of two 2 mg·mL^(-1) CaCl_(2)at the white ripening stage is most effective.

关 键 词：骏枣 CaCl_(2) 裂果 细胞壁物质 酶活性 

分 类 号：S436.65[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S665.1[农业科学—植物保护]