新型钾肥对鲜食玉米生长和钾素吸收利用与供应影响研究  

Study on the Effects of New Potassium Fertilizer on the Fresh Food Maize Growth, Potassium Uptake Utilization and Supply Status

作　　者：袁国懋 卢树昌 裴子萱 马志伟 王君平 张彤 YUAN Guomao;LU Shuchang;PEI Zixuan;MA Zhiwei;WANG Junping;ZHANG Tong(College of Agronomy&Resources and Environment,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院农学与资源环境学院,天津300392

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2023年第6期21-25,共5页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：天津市大学生创新训练计划项目(202210061114);天津市重点研发计划科技支撑重点项目(19YFZCSN00290)。

摘　　要：钾肥对作物生长与土壤供钾水平有重要作用。为了研究新型钾肥对作物生长影响,将新型钾肥材料设计处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ6个不同施钾量水平(0、75、150、225、300、375 kg K_(2)O·hm^(-2)),对鲜食玉米的生长、产量以及肥料效果进行系统研究。结果表明:处理Ⅳ(225 kg K_(2)O·hm^(-2))的玉米长势最好;处理Ⅴ(300 kg K_(2)O·hm^(-2))在玉米籽粒、根茎叶等干物质量及钾素吸收量方面均表现最好;处理Ⅳ钾素利用率最高,为58%。在土壤钾素供应方面,土壤当季供钾水平(速效钾)和供钾潜力(缓效钾)均为处理Ⅵ(375 kg K_(2)O·hm^(-2))最高,处理Ⅳ次之。综合来看,处理Ⅳ(225 kg K_(2)O·hm^(-2))对鲜食玉米的整体生长及土壤钾素供应表现最佳。Potassium fertilizer plays an important role in crop growth and soil potassium supply level.To study the effect of new potassium fertilizer on crop growth,treatmentⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵsix different potassium application levels(0,75,150,225,300,375 kg K_(2)O·hm^(-2))were designed based on the new potassium fertilizer material.The growth,yield and fertilizer effect of fresh maize were systematically studied in this experiment.The results showed that the maize under treatment IV(225 kg K_(2)O·hm^(-2))had the best growth.The treatment V(300 kg K_(2)O·hm^(-2))had the best performance in terms of dry matter quality and potassium uptake in corn grains,rhizomes and leaves.The highest utilization rate of potassium treatment IV was 58%.In terms of soil potassium supply,the seasonal potassium supply level(available potassium)and potassium supply potential(slowly available potassium)of soil were the highest in treatment VI(375 kg K_(2)O·hm^(-2)),followed by treatment IV.Overall,treatment IV(225 kg K_(2)O·hm^(-2))has the best performance on the fresh food maize growth and soil potassium supply.

关 键 词：新型钾肥 鲜食玉米 钾素吸收利用 土壤钾素供应 

分 类 号：S143.39[农业科学—肥料学]