新疆118个枣品种表型性状比较分析  

Comparative Analysis of Phenotypic Characters of 118 Jujube Varieties in Xinjiang

作　　者：贾平平 靳娟 阿布都卡尤木·阿依麦提 郝庆[2] 王冠玉 张雁飞 牛建新[1] 杨磊[2] JIA Pingping;JING Juan;ABUDUKAYOUMU·Ayimaiti;HAO Qing;WANG Guanyu;ZHANG Yanfei;NIU Jianxin;YANG Lei(College of Agriculture,Shihezi University,The Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Shihezi Xinjiang 832003,China;Institute of Horticultural Crop,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Pomology(Xinjiang),Urumqi 830091,China;College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,特色果蔬栽培生理与种质资源利用兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,农业部新疆地区果树科学观测实验站,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2023年第6期887-898,共12页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-30);新疆红枣产业技术体系建设专项资金(XJCYTX-01)。

摘　　要：通过对118个枣品种叶片、枣头、二次枝、枣吊、花等表型性状的调查研究,运用多种分析方法明确各品种间的表型变异丰富度及遗传多样性。变异分析表明:各数量性状的变异系数为7.94%~63.34%,平均变异系数为20.60%,各器官变异大小为花表型性状>叶片表型性状>枣头表型性状>枣吊表型性状>二次枝表型性状。在叶片描述型性状多样性分析中发现Shannon-wiener指数为0.76~1.70,Simpson指数为0.32~0.61,大小与Shannon-wiener指数排列一致,顺序为叶基形状>叶尖形状>叶片形状>叶缘形状>叶片光泽>叶片颜色>叶片状态。相关性分析中得出多对极显著性相关关系,较为清晰地体现出各器官和各组织间的相关性。主成分分析得出6个主成分因子,特征值均大于1,累计贡献率为75.64%,说明该6个主成分能够代表118个枣品种的大部分信息;结合主成分特征向量绝对值大小发现叶片长、宽、叶面积、二次枝长节间度、枣吊叶片数、花序花朵数、花序数对枣种质资源具有较强的描述能力,可以作为资源评价的重要指标。聚类分析将现有种质分为6个大类,同一类别共性明显,不同类别差异较大,除第6类山东大柿饼外其余类别均是由两个或两个以上品种构成。In order to clarify the phenotypic variation richness and genetic diversity among different jujube varieties,we investigated phenotypic characters of 118 jujube varieties such as leaf,jujube head,secondary branch,jujube hanging and flower by different analysis methods.The variation analysis showed that the variation coefficient of each quantitative character was 7.94%-63.34%,and the average variation coefficient was 20.60%.The order of variation of each organ was flower phenotype>leaf phenotype>jujube head phenotype>jujube hanging phenotype>secondary branch phenotype.In the diversity analysis of leaf descriptive characters,we found that the Shannon Wiener index was between 0.76 and 1.70,and the Simpson index was between 0.32 and 0.61.The size was consistent with the Shannon Wiener index,and its order was leaf base shape>leaf tip shape>leaf shape>leaf edge shape>leaf luster.After the correlation analysis,there were many extremely significant correlation which clearly reflects the correlation between different organs and tissues.Six principal component factors were obtained by principal component analysis,the eigenvalues were greater than 1,and the cumulative contribution rate was 75.64%,indicating that the six principal components could represent most of the information of 118 jujube varieties;in the scatter diagram of principal component coordinates,we found that leaf length,width,leaf area,secondary branch length,internode degree,number of hanging leaves,number of inflorescence flowers and inflorescence had strong descriptive ability for jujube germplasm resources,which could be used as an important index for resource evaluation.The existing germplasm was divide into six categories by cluster analysis.The same category had obvious commonness and different categories had great differences.Except for the sixth category(Shandong persimmon),the other categories were composed of two or more varieties.

关 键 词：枣 表型性状 变异分析 相关性分析 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]