典型工矿企业周边农田土壤重金属污染评价及来源解析  

Pollution characteristics and source apportionment of heavy metals in soils around a typical industrial enterprises

作　　者：任静华[1,2] 范健[1] 何培良[3] 汤进 廖启林 许伟伟[1] 郝社锋[1,5] REN Jinghua;FAN Jian;HE Peiliang;TANG Jin;LIAO Qilin;XU Weiwei;HAO Shefeng(Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Monitoring&Restoration Project on Land(Arable),Ministry of Natural Resources,Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing Jiangsu 210018;State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,School of the Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210023;Hebei Geological Engineering Exploration Institute,Baoding Hebei 071051;Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute,Nanjing Jiangsu 211106;Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry,Ministry of Education,School of Earth Science and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210023)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部国土(耕地)生态监测与修复工程技术创新中心,江苏省地质调查研究院,江苏南京210018 [2]污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京大学环境学院,江苏南京210023 [3]河北省地质工程勘查院,河北保定071051 [4]曼迪匹艾科技服务有限公司,江苏南京211106 [5]表生地球化学教育部重点试验室,南京大学地球科学与工程学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2023年第6期855-861,869,共8页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.41907141);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(No.BK20171075);污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(No.PCRRF20034);中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室开放基金资助项目(No.SEPR2017-11)。

摘　　要：为查明工矿企业周边农田土壤和作物污染状况,基于网格化与重点加密采样获得典型工矿企业周边土壤水稻籽粒、根系土壤样品29个,考察重金属空间分布及其污染特征,深入探究土壤中重金属赋存形态变化特征及其对水稻富集的影响,并利用统计方法对重金属的来源进行解析。结果表明:土壤中重金属含量差异较大,Cd、Pb和Zn平均值分别为0.595、81.3、85.0 mg/kg,变异系数分别为90.2%、57.9%和33.7%,属于高度变异。土壤中Cd和Pb有效态(即酸溶态和可还原态)占比(质量分数)为89.2%和72.7%,与水稻籽粒中相应的重金属的R达到0.902和0.792,累积效应较强,而土壤中Cu、Zn和Ni对于水稻籽粒的累积效应贡献较弱。Cd和Pb的空间分布格局呈现电源电池类企业周边高,向外逐渐降低的趋势,且Pb和Cd存在显著正相关关系(P<0.01),而且与其他重金属在空间变化同步性及相关性上均不显著,推测两者来源与周边企业活动有关。To evaluate the pollution status of heavy metals in soils and crops around industrial area,29 pairs of rice grain samples and corresponding rhizosphere soil samples were collected from a typical industrial enterprise in south Jiangsu using high-density sampling methods.The spatial distributions and pollution indexes of heavy metals in soil samples were investigated.The influence of heavy metal forms on the enrichment characteristics in rice samples were discussed.Finally,the pollution sources of the heavy metals were revealed using a series of statistical methods.The results showed that the distributions of heavy metals in soils varied significantly.The average values of Cd,Pb,and Zn were 0.595,81.3 and 85.0 mg/kg,respectively,with coefficients of variation of 90.2%,57.9%,and 33.7%,indicating high variability.The proportion(mass fraction)of available Cd and Pb states(i.e.acid soluble and reducible)in soil was 89.2%and 72.7%,and the R of corresponding heavy metals in rice grains reached 0.902 and 0.792,indicating a strong cumulative effect.However,the contribution of Cu,Zn,and Ni in soil to the cumulative effect of rice grains was relatively weak.The spatial distribution pattern of Cd and Pb showed a trend of gradually decreasing outward for power battery enterprises,and there was a significant positive correlation between Pb and Cd(P<0.01),and there was no significant synchronicity or correlation with other heavy metals in spatial changes.It was speculated that the sources of Pb and Cd were related to the activities of surrounding enterprises.

关 键 词：土壤 水稻 重金属 空间分布 源解析 

分 类 号：X75[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X825