五大连池火山熔岩台地优势植物凋落物早期养分动态  

Early nutrient dynamics of dominant plant litter in the lava terraces of Wudalianchi Volcano

作　　者：谢宸 黄庆阳[2] 周庭宇 杨帆[2] 谢立红[2] 肖洋[1] XIE Chen;HUANG Qingyang;ZHOU Tingyu;YANG Fan;XIE Lihong;XIAO Yang(College of Modern Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,Heilongjiang,China;Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology,Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所生态中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第5期120-129,共10页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目“五大连池火山森林生态系统优势树种凋落叶养分释放动态特征”(LH2021C079);国家自然科学基金项目“五大连池火山熔岩台地森林凋落物主要营养元素沉积特性研究”(31770497);中央引导地方科技发展专项“黑龙江省湿地与恢复生态学重点实验室”(ZY20B15)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了探究火山生态系统凋落物养分释放(或流失)的动态变化规律。【方法】采用凋落物分解袋的方法,以五大连池火山熔岩台地中落叶松、白桦、山杨为代表的优势植物凋落物为研究对象,分析其分解速率及其养分释放动态差异。【结果】6种凋落物叶片的质量残留率在不同时间、树种、来源间存在显著差异。根据Olson指数衰减模型,不同凋落物分解50%的时间是5.73~9.17 a,分解95%的时间是8.04~13.03 a,分解系数为0.545~0.994。分解速率表现为熔岩孤丘>熔岩台地且山杨>白桦>落叶松。从来源来看,凋落物分解过程中,其C含量、N含量以及P含量均表现为熔岩孤丘>熔岩台地,N∶P值均小于14。凋落物质量残留率与C元素呈极显著正相关,与N元素呈极显著正相关,与C∶N值呈显著负相关。C∶N值与N∶P值呈极显著负相关,与质量残留率呈显著负相关。【结论】相对于阔叶树种凋落物叶片,针叶树种凋落物叶片分解较慢。凋落物的C含量变化没有明显规律,P含量变化一致呈现先减后增的趋势,且P元素相比C元素、N元素更不易被溶出,分解过程中,凋落物样品受到N元素的影响最为显著,N含量越高且C∶N值越低,分解速率越快。【Objective】Litter is an important nutrient reservoir in the ecosystem,and its decomposition plays a vital role in the nutrient cycle of volcanic ecosystems.This work aimed to explore the dynamic variation of nutrient release(or loss)of litter in volcanic ecosystems.【Method】In this study,the litter decomposition bag method was adopted,and the litters of dominant plants represented by Larix gmelinii,Betula platyphylla and Populus davidiana in the lava terrace of Wudalianchi Volcano were studied as the research objects,and the decomposition rate and the dynamic difference of nutrient release were analyzed.【Result】The residual rates of leaf mass of six kinds of litters were significantly different under different time,tree species and sources.According to the Olson exponential decay model,the 50%decomposition time of different litters was 5.73-9.17 years,the decomposition time of 95%was 8.04-13.03 years,and the decomposition coefficient was 0.545-0.994.The decomposition rate was shown as“source kipuka>source lava plateau”and“Populus davidiana>Betula platyphylla>Larix gmelinii”.In terms of the source,in the decomposition process of the leachate,its C,N and P contents all showed“source kipuka>source lava plateau”,and litter N∶P values were below 14.The mass residual rate of fallout was significantly positively correlated with the C element,positively correlated with the N element,and negatively correlated with the value of C∶N.The C∶N value was negatively correlated with the N∶P value,and negatively correlated with mass residual rate.【Conclusion】The decomposition of leaf litter of coniferous trees is slower than that of deciduous trees.There is no obvious law of the C content of litter matters,the P content consistently shows a tendency to decrease first and then increase,and the P element is less likely to be dissolved in comparison with the C element and the N element.During the decomposition process,the litter sample is most significantly affected by the N element.The higher the N

关 键 词：火山生态系统 森林凋落物 分解速率 养分释放 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学] Q948.1[生物学—植物学]