胫骨远端骨折伴软组织损伤3种不同微创固定方式的有限元分析  

Finite element analysis of three different minimally invasive fixation methods for distal tibial fractures with soft tissue injury

作　　者：王明明 张中[1] 孙建华[1] 赵刚 宋华[1] 颜华东 吕彬 Wang Mingming;Zhang Zhong;Sun Jianhua;Zhao Gang;Song Hua;Yan Huadong;Lyu Bin(Department of Orthopedics,Tengzhou Central People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University,Tengzhou 277500,Shandong Province,China;Shandong University,Jinan 250100,Shandong Province,China;Department of Orthopedics,Jinan Central Hospital,Jinan 250013,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]济宁医学院附属滕州市中心人民医院骨科,山东省滕州市277500 [2]山东大学,山东省济南市250100 [3]济南市中心医院骨科,山东省济南市250013

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2024年第6期879-885,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：中以国际创伤修复研究中心基金项目(26020211731804),项目负责人:赵刚。

摘　　要：背景:伴软组织损伤胫骨远端骨折的治疗一直具有挑战性,新型逆行胫骨髓内钉是一种新的选择。目前关于新型逆行胫骨髓内钉、顺行髓内钉、外置接骨板之间的生物力学性能研究未见报道。目的:通过有限元分析方法,探讨新型逆行胫骨髓内钉、顺行髓内钉、外置接骨板治疗伴软组织损伤胫骨远端骨折的生物力学稳定性,为临床应用提供科学参考。方法:利用1名42岁健康男性的胫骨CT数据,通过相关软件建立胫骨远端横行骨折的有限元模型,根据骨折的固定原则,构建新型胫骨逆行髓内钉、胫骨顺行髓内钉、外置股骨远端外侧接骨板固定有限元模型。使用ANSYS 2019软件进行网格划分、施加载荷、数据处理,比较各模型胫骨和内固定的应力分布及位移情况。结果与结论:(1)3组模型的骨折端位移量随着载荷的增大而增加;所有模式载荷中,逆行髓内钉组位移最小,外置接骨板组次之,顺行髓内钉组平均位移最大;在800 N垂直载荷中,各组位移差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);其余载荷模式下各组无显著性差异;(2)不同载荷模式下3组模型中胫骨应力均表现为胫骨中段最高,向近、远端缓慢过渡降低;胫骨干部位应力分布均呈现逆行髓内钉组最高、外置接骨板组次之、顺行髓内钉组应力最小的情况;(3)不同载荷模式下3组模型中胫骨应力集中部位的应力,外置接骨板组明显高于另外两组,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05);(4)不同载荷条件下3组模型中固定物的应力值,外置接骨板组最大,逆行髓内钉组次之,顺行髓内钉组最小;不同载荷条件下3组固定物应力集中部位的应力差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05);(5)提示3种固定方式均具有良好的抗旋转能力及轴向稳定性,其中新型胫骨逆行髓内钉具有更好的生物力学稳定性。BACKGROUND:The treatment of distal tibial fractures with soft tissue injury has always been challenging,and the new retrograde tibial nailing is a new choice.Up to now,there were few reports on the biomechanical properties between the new retrograde tibial nailing,anterograde intramedullary nailing and supercutaneous locking plate.OBJECTIVE:To explore the biomechanical stability of new retrograde tibial nailing,antegrade intramedullary nailing and supercutaneous locking plate in the treatment of distal tibial fractures with soft tissue injury using finite element analysis so as to offer a scientific foundation for clinical application.METHODS:The finite element model of transverse distal tibia fracture was established by relevant software utilizing the CT data of the tibia from a 42-year-old healthy male.Retrograde tibial nailing,antegrade intramedullary nailing and supercutaneous locking plate finite element models were assembled under the principle of fracture fixation.Finally,meshing,applying loads,and data processing were accomplished with the ANSYS 2019 software.Moreover,the stress distribution and displacement of the tibia and internal fixation of each model were compared.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The displacement of fracture end in the three groups increased with the increase of load.In all mode loads,the average displacement of the fracture end was the least in the retrograde tibial nailing group,followed by the supercutaneous locking plate group,and the highest in the antegrade intramedullary nailing group.At 800 N vertical load,the displacement difference of the fracture end was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistical significance in other load modes.(2)Under different loads,the tibial stress in the three groups was the highest in the middle of the tibia,and gradually decreased to the proximal and distal ends.The stress distribution of the tibial shaft was the highest in the retrograde tibial nailing group,followed by the supercutaneous locking plate group,and the least in the antegra

关 键 词：胫骨远端骨折 微创 逆行钉 髓内钉 外置接骨板 有限元分析 生物力学 软组织损伤 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学] R683.42