经跟腱旁入路切开复位内固定治疗后踝夹心形骨折  

Open reduction and internal fixation via the para-Achilles tendon approach for the treatment of posterior malleolus sandwich fractures

作　　者：郑加法[1] 宋秀锋[1] 李宏志[1] 周锦明[1] 关盛溢[1] 于鹤[1] Zheng Jiafa;Song Xiufeng;Li Hongzhi;Zhou Jinming;Guan Shengyi;Yu He(Department of Orthopedics,The Second People’s Hospital of Dalian,Dalian 116011,Liaoning Province,China)

机构地区：[1]大连市第二人民医院骨科,辽宁省大连市116011

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2024年第6期934-938,共5页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:踝关节骨折直视下精准复位已经成为足踝外科医生的共识,如何充分显露后踝的游离或压缩骨折块,仍然是具有挑战性的难题之一。目的:探讨经跟腱旁入路切开复位内固定治疗后踝夹心形骨折的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2020年1-12月大连市第二人民医院收治的26例后踝夹心形骨折患者的临床资料,均采用经跟腱旁入路切开复位内固定治疗,其中经跟腱外侧入路21例,经跟腱内侧入路5例;男19例,女7例;年龄24-69岁,平均38.6岁。记录手术时间,观察术后并发症情况;通过Burwell-Charnley影像学标准评价骨折复位情况;记录术前、术后3个月及末次随访时目测类比评分、踝关节跖屈及背伸活动度和美国足踝外科协会踝-后足功能评分,评估临床效果。结果与结论:(1)26例患者均获随访,随访时间13-18个月,平均14.6个月;手术时间52-85 min,平均64.2 min;(2)1例患者术后外踝切口部分皮缘坏死,通过换药后完全愈合;其余患者手术切口均Ⅰ期愈合;(3)Burwell-Charnley影像学标准评价:24例解剖复位,2例复位良好,优良率为100%;(4)末次随访时目测类比评分为(1.19±0.40)分,较术前(6.81±0.80)分明显下降(P<0.01);末次随访时踝关节跖屈为(33.5±5.02)°,踝关节背伸为(17.23±0.99)°,较术前(14.58±2.50)°、(5.81±1.02)°均明显增加(P<0.01);美国足踝外科协会踝-后足功能评分为(89.31±3.62)分,较术前(46.00±5.45)分明显升高(P<0.01);其中优23例,良3例,优良率为100%;(5)提示经跟腱旁入路切开复位内固定治疗后踝夹心形骨折手术时间短,骨折复位良好,并发症少,关节活动度及功能恢复满意。BACKGROUND:Accurate reduction of ankle fractures under direct vision has become a common understanding among foot and ankle surgeons.How to fully expose free or compressed fragments of the posterior ankle remains one of the most challenging problems.OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical efficiency of the para-Achilles tendon approach in exposing and repositioning the posterior malleolus sandwich fracture.METHODS:A retrospective study was made for 26 patients with posterior malleolus sandwich fracture treated with open reduction and internal fixation via para-Achilles tendon approach from January to December 2020 in The Second People’s Hospital of Dalian.21 of 26 cases were managed with the lateral approach of Achilles tendon and 5 cases were managed with the medial approach of Achilles tendon.There were 19 males and 7 females,with the age of 24-69 years,averagely 38.6 years.The operation time and postoperative complications were recorded.The fracture reduction condition was evaluated by Burwell-Charnley imaging standard.Before operation,3 months after operation and last follow-up,visual analog scale score,ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion and American Orthopedic Foot&Ankle Society Ankle Hind Score were used to evaluate the treatment effect.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)All 26 patients were followed up for an average of 14.6 months(range 13-18 months).The operation time was 52-85 minutes(average 64.2 minutes).(2)Part of the skin edge of the lateral malleolus incision was necrotic in one patient and healed completely after a dressing change.Incision healing of the other patients was in one stage.(3)Through Burwell-Charnley imaging standard,anatomical reductions were obtained in 24 of 26,and good reductions were in 2 of 26,with an excellent and good rate of 100%.(4)At the last follow-up,the visual analog scale score(1.19±0.40)was significantly lower than the preoperative score(6.81±0.80)(P<0.01).Ankle plantar flexion(33.5±5.02)°and ankle plantar back stretch(17.23±0.99)°were significantly increased compared wit

关 键 词：踝损伤 后踝夹心形骨折 骨折固定术 内固定 手术入路 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学] R683.42