生物支架材料及打印技术修复骨缺损  

Biological scaffold materials and printing technology for repairing bone defects

作　　者：孔祥宇 王兴[2] 裴志伟 常家乐 李斯琴[2] 郝廷[3] 何万雄 张葆鑫 贾燕飞[3] Kong Xiangyu;Wang Xing;Pei Zhiwei;Chang Jiale;Li Siqin;Hao Ting;He Wanxiong;Zhang Baoxin;Jia Yanfei(Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Bayannur Hospital,Bayannur 015000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010030,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学研究生院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市010000 [2]巴彦淖尔市医院,内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市015000 [3]内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市010030

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2024年第3期479-485,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：内蒙古科技厅科技计划项目(2020GG0195),课题名称:基于成骨性能优化的3D打印锌锶支架/血清外泌体复合植入物促进骨缺损修复的研究,项目负责人:张葆鑫;内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2019MS008158),课题名称:3D打印多孔Ca-Mg-Zn可降解金属支架联合富血小板血浆植入体治疗兔桡骨缺损的研究,项目负责人:张葆鑫;内蒙古医科大学科技百万工程(联合)项目[YKD2018KJBW(LH)002],课题名称:3D打印金属支架联合富血小板血浆治疗兔桡骨缺损的研究,项目负责人:张葆鑫;内蒙古科技厅科技计划项目(2021GG0174),课题名称:蒙药配伍及其主要单体治疗酒精性骨质疏松及其骨折效果和机制研究,项目负责人:张葆鑫。

摘　　要：背景:近年来随着生物支架材料和生物打印技术的发展,组织工程骨成为了骨缺损修复的研究热点。目的:简述当前骨缺损的治疗方式,总结制备组织工程骨支架的生物材料及生物打印技术,探讨生物材料和打印技术在组织工程中的应用及目前面临的挑战。方法:以“bone defect,tissue engineering,biomaterials,3D printing technology,4D printing technology,bioprinting,biological scaffold,bone repair”或“骨缺损,组织工程,生物材料,3D打印技术,4D打印技术,生物打印,生物支架,骨修复”等作为检索词,应用计算机在中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science数据库检索2009-01-01/2022-12-01发表的相关文献,最后经第一作者筛除并追加收录优质参考文献,共纳入93篇文章进行综述。结果与结论:骨缺损的治疗方式主要有骨移植、膜引导再生技术、基因治疗、骨组织工程技术等,最佳的治疗方式仍没有定论。骨组织工程技术是治疗骨缺损的新兴技术,通过构建能促进成骨细胞增殖分化及增强骨形成能力的三维结构,成为当前研究的重点热点技术。生物支架材料多种多样,各具特点,有利有弊,单一的生物材料无法满足组织工程骨对支架的需求,通常将多种材料复合互补使支架在满足力学性能需求的同时兼顾生物性能。生物打印技术能对支架的孔隙进行调节、构建复杂的空间结构,更利于细胞的黏附增殖和分化。新兴的4D打印技术引入“时间”作为第四维度,使制备的支架具有动态性,随着智能材料的同步发展,4D打印技术为未来骨缺损高效修复提供了可能。BACKGROUND:In recent years,with the development of biological scaffold materials and bioprinting technology,tissue-engineered bone has become a research hotspot in bone defect repair.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the current treatment methods for bone defects,summarize the biomaterials and bioprinting technology for preparing tissueengineered bone scaffolds,and explore the application of biomaterials and printing technology in tissue engineering and the current challenges.METHODS:Search terms were“bone defect,tissue engineering,biomaterials,3D printing technology,4D printing technology,bioprinting,biological scaffold,bone repair”in Chinese and English.Relevant documents published from January 1,2009 to December 1,2022 were retrieved on CNKI,PubMed and Web of Science databases.After being screened by the first author,high-quality references were added.A total of 93 articles were included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The main treatment methods for bone defects include bone transplantation,membrane-guided regeneration,gene therapy,bone tissue engineering,etc.The best treatment method is still uncertain.Bone tissue engineering technology is a new technology for the treatment of bone defects.It has become the focus of current research by constructing three-dimensional structures that can promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and enhance the ability of bone formation.Biological scaffold materials are diverse,with their characteristics,advantages and disadvantages.A single biological material cannot meet the demand for tissue-engineered bone for the scaffold.Usually,multiple materials are combined to complement each other,which is to meet the demand for mechanical properties while taking into account the biological properties of the scaffold.Bioprinting technology can adjust the pore of the scaffold,build a complex spatial structure,and is more conducive to cell adhesion,proliferation and differentiation.The emerging 4D printing technology introduces“time”as the fourth dimension to make the

关 键 词：骨缺损 组织工程 生物材料 3D打印技术 4D打印技术 生物打印 生物支架 骨修复 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318.08[医药卫生—临床医学] R-1