类装配体的构建方法及应用  

Construction methods and application of assembloids

作　　者：刘春磊 姚茜 韦正波[2,3] 谢莹 Liu Chunlei;Yao Xi;Wei Zhengbo;Xie Ying(Life Science Institute,Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China;Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor,Nanning 530021,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学生命科学研究院,广西壮族自治区南宁市530021 [2]广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院,广西壮族自治区南宁市530021 [3]广西区域性高发肿瘤早期防治研究重点实验室,广西壮族自治区南宁市530021

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2024年第1期113-120,共8页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82160386),项目负责人:谢莹;广西自然科学基金面上项目(2021GXNSFAA075042),项目负责人:谢莹。

摘　　要：背景:近年来,许多研究证实类装配体可弥补类器官无法完全重现细胞与细胞、细胞与基质间的互作关系的缺点,但处于发展初期的类装配体构建方式种类繁多,更无统一标准。目的:综述目前类装配体的构建方法、应用和优缺点,为促进体外细胞模型的发展和完善提供指导。方法:以“assembloids,organoids,tumor microenvironment,organoids AND assemble,organoids AND microenvironment”为英文检索词,以“类装配体、类器官、类组装体、肿瘤微环境、类器官重组、多细胞模型”为中文检索词,检索PubMed、中国知网及万方数据库,在排除无关文章及去重后筛选出94篇文章进行综述。结果与结论:①根据细胞来源的不同,可将类装配体的构建方法分为自体组装、直接组装及混合组装3种;根据细胞培养方式的差异,又可分为悬浮培养法、“基质”培养法、器官芯片培养法和3D生物打印法。②自体组装过程涵盖细胞和组织的发育等早期过程,因此,在器官发育和发育障碍等领域有广阔的前景,而分化成熟细胞的功能相对较完善,由它们直接组装成的类装配体在功能障碍及细胞损伤性疾病的研究中更具潜力;自体组装或在器官移植方面更胜一筹,直接组装将更适用于组织损伤的修复,混合组装综合了前两者的优势,多用于探索微环境中细胞的生理和病理机制以及药物筛选等领域。③虽然不同的类装配体各具优势,但都面临脉管系统不完善的难题;每种类装配体构建方法也存在各自的局限性,如自体组装形成的类装配体中细胞分化程度与体内的差异,直接组装模型的细胞种类固定、无法完全反映复杂的体内微环境等均是亟待解决的难题。④将来随着类装配体培养技术的不断完善,研究者们可以在体外组装出具有更复杂组织结构的仿生类器官,为研究人类组织和器官生理及病理过程提供无限趋近真实的模BACKGROUND:In recent years,many studies have confirmed that assembloids can make up for the shortcomings of organoids,which cannot fully reproduce the interaction between cell and cell and between cell and matrix.Since the assembloids construction methods are in the early stage of development,there is no unified standard.OBJECTIVE:To review the current construction methods,applications,advantages,and disadvantages of assembloids,guide the development and improvement of vitro cell models.METHODS:PubMed,CNKI,and WanFang databases were searched with English search terms“assembloids,organoids,tumor microenvironment,organoids AND assemble,organoids AND microenvironment”and Chinese search terms“assembloids,organoids,tumor microenvironment,organoid reorganization,multicellular model”.Totally 94 articles were screened out for review after excluding irrelevant articles and deduplication.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)According to the different sources of cells,the construction of assembloids can be divided into three methods:self-assembly,direct-assembly,and mixed-assembly.According to the differences of cell culture methods,it can be divided into suspension culture method,matrix culture method,organ chip culture method,and 3D bio-printing.(2)The process of self-assembly covers early stages of cell and tissue development,so it has broad prospects in the fields of organ development and developmental disorders.The function of differentiated mature cells is relatively perfect,and the assembloids directly assembled by them have more potential in the study of functional disorders and cell-damaging diseases.Self-assembly may be better in organ transplantation,and direct-assembly will be more suitable for the repair of tissue damage.Mixed-assembly combines the advantages of the former two and is mostly used to explore the physiological and pathological mechanisms of cells in the microenvironment,as well as drug screening.(3)Although different assembloids have their own advantages,they all face the problem of imperfect vascula

关 键 词：类装配体 类器官 自体组装 直接组装 混合组装 悬浮培养 基质培养 器官芯片 3D生物打印 肿瘤微环境 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R363[医药卫生—临床医学] R364