《文心雕龙》再探:以《辨骚》篇之“四同四异”说为例  

A Reconsideration of Carving a Dragon at the Core of Literature:the Case of“Four Similarities and Four Differences”in“Bian Sao”

作　　者：韦祎 WEI Yi(Department of Chinese,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学中国语言文学系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《辽宁大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第4期114-122,共9页Journal of Liaoning University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：中山大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(11100-31610535);广东省哲学社会科学规划2019年度一般项目“中国古代传状文体及文献研究”(GD19CZW10)。

摘　　要：《辨骚》作为《文心雕龙》“枢纽论”之一,具有很高的研究热度与学术价值,其中围绕《辨骚》篇中“四同四异”说展开的讨论与阐释,更广受学界关注。学界通常用“二分法”对“四同四异”进行褒、贬划分,但过度追求“同”与“异”的对立和差异,视角过于片面与割裂。文章认为深入发掘刘勰行文“先破后立”的内在理路,厘清写作动机,或可提供新的研究视角与方法。文章指出:刘勰提出“四同四异”旨在从正、反两个角度进行驳论,以说明不可仅将“是否符合经意”作为评判文学的唯一标准;“四同四异”的提出进一步引发了刘勰对“另立标准”的思考,即在正确评价《骚》的基础上,提出了《辨骚》篇及《文心雕龙》的核心原则之一——“执正驭奇”。As one of the“pivot theories”of Carving a Dragon at the Core of Literature,the article“Bian Sao”has generated many research popularity and high academic values.The discussions and interpretations around the issue of“Four Similarities and Four Differences”in“Bian Sao”are more concerned by the academia.Researchers usually use the“dichotomy”to classify the“Four Similarities and Four Differences”as positive and negative.However,excessive pursuit of the contrariety and distinction between“Similarities”and“Differences”is too biased and fragmented.Exploring the internal logic of Liu Xie's“Destruction before Construction”and clarifying the writing motivation can provide new research perspectives and methods.This paper proposes that Liu Xie's proposal of“Four Similarities and Four Differences”aims to refute from both positive and negative perspectives,so as to show that“whether it conforms to the classics”cannot be the only criterion for evaluation literature.The proposal further triggered his thinking on“establishing a separate standard”,that is,he proposed“Zhizheng Yuqi”as one of the core principles of“Bian Sao”and Carving a Dragon at the Core of Literature which is based on the correct evaluation of“Sao”.

关 键 词：《辨骚》 《文心雕龙》 “四同四异” 执正驭奇 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]