我国东北林区夏季森林生态系统服务功能对气候变化的响应研究  

Response of summer forest ecosystem services to climate change in Northeast China

作　　者：孙应龙 韩佳芮[2] 延昊 李娜[3] 曹云 SUN Ying-long;HAN Jia-rui;YAN Hao;LI Na;CAO Yun(National Meteorological Center,Beijing 100081,China;Training Center of China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]国家气象中心,北京100081 [2]中国气象局气象干部培训学院,北京100081 [3]辽宁省农业科学院,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《环境生态学》2023年第3期36-42,51,共8页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1510204)资助。

摘　　要：东北林区是我国最大的天然林区,森林覆盖率高,在吸收二氧化碳、水土保持、减缓气候变暖等方面发挥重要作用,是东北平原、华北平原的重要生态屏障。采用MODIS资料和逐日气象数据等长期观测数据资料,利用多种评估指标和方法,对2000—2021年夏季东北林区气象条件、净初级生产力、净生态系统生产力和植被覆盖度等生态参数以及土壤保持功能、水源涵养功能等生态服务功能进行了评价。结果表明:2000年以来,东北林区夏季降水和气温总体呈增加趋势,促进了森林生态恢复,植被覆盖度和净初级生产力平均每年分别增加0.3个百分点、3.0 gC/m^(2);夏季土壤保持功能稳步提升,平均每年涵养水量增加2.4 mm,土壤保持量增加1.4 t/hm^(2)。2000年以来,东北地区夏季降水量和涵养水量、土壤保持量呈显著正相关,表明夏季降水是影响东北森林水土保持服务功能的重要气候因子。本研究揭示了2000年以来气候变化对东北森林生态服务功能的影响,为切实保障森林生态建设的质量和效益的提升提供了气象依据。The Northeast forest is the largest natural forest in China with high forest coverage,which plays an important role in carbon dioxide absorption,water and soil conservation,and climate warming mitigation,and acts as an important ecological barrier for the Northeast and North China plains.In this study,long-term observation data including MODIS data and daily meteorological data were used to evaluate ecological parameters such as meteorological conditions,net primary productivity,net ecosystem productivity and vegetation cover,as well as ecological service such as soil conservation service and water retention service in the Northeast forest in summer during 2000—2021 using various assessment indicators and methods.The results showed that since 2000,summer precipitation and temperature have generally shown an increasing trend in Northeast forest,which has promoted forest ecological recovery.Annual vegetation cover and net primary productivity have increased by 0.3%and 3.0 gC/m^(2),respectively;soil conservation service has improved in summer,with an annual increase of 2.4 mm in water retention and 1.4 t/ha in soil conservation.It is critical to strengthen research in forest ecological monitoring and prediction under the extreme weather,and reveal the mechanism of mitigating the impact of meteorological disasters on ecological service functions in Northeast China.

关 键 词：东北森林 气象条件 净初级生产力 生态服务功能 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]