基于PSR方法的抚仙湖流域土地生态安全评估  

Assessment of Land Ecological Security in Fuxian Lake Basin Based on PSR Model

作　　者：马国强 李秋洁[3] 张锦绣 涂宏涛 赵凯瑞 MA Guoqiang;LI Qiujie;ZHANG Jinxiu;TU Hongtao;ZHAO Kairui(Southwest Investigation and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,650216,Kunming,PRC;College of Ecology,Lanzhou University,730000,Lanzhou,PRC;Power China Kunming Engneering Corporation Limted,650051,Kunming,PRC)

机构地区：[1]国家林业和草原局西南调查规划院,昆明650216 [2]兰州大学生态学院,兰州730000 [3]中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司,昆明650051

出　　处：《江西科学》2023年第3期507-513,共7页Jiangxi Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860603);国家林业和草原局林业软科学研究项目(2018-R14);国家林业和草原局西南调查规划院科技项目(2022-018)。

摘　　要：以1990-2018年玉溪市社会、经济和环境数据以及“压力-状态-响应(PSR模型)”生态安全评价指标体系为基础,采用熵值法对抚仙湖流域1990-2018年土地生态安全进行了分析和评估,结合1990-2018年抚仙湖流域内土地利用变化情况,分析流域内土地生态安全的影响因素,对改善流域内土地生态安全的质量提供了相应的建议与对策。结果表明:1)抚仙湖流域的土地生态安全评价指标体系中,包括国内生产总值、第三产业增加值和农业总产值等指标在内的系统状态层是影响系统评价的重要因素,权重最高为0.552 3;2)1990-2018年抚仙湖流域生态安全综合指数整体呈现为较小幅度的波动后持续增长,在2018年生态状况达到最好,生态安全综合指数为0.790 7;3)2010-2015年是抚仙湖流域生态安全状况变化最大、生态安全等级跨度最大的时期,由较不安全等级过渡到临界安全等级再到较安全等级;4)城镇化建设、社会经济发展、农耕生产活动是影响流域生态安全处于较不安全状态的主要压力,而退耕还林、植树造林、土地资源的合理配置和产业结构的优化调整则是影响土地生态安全的主要原因。This study based on social economic indicator of Yuxi City from 1990 to 2018,environ-mental data and“Pressure-State-Response(PSR)”ecological security evaluation system,and the entropy method was used to evaluate the land ecological security in Fuxian Lake Basin from 1990 to 2018.Combining with land use change in Fuxian Lake Basin from 1990 to 2018,the influencing factors of land ecological security in the basin were analyzed,and put forward countermeasures and suggestions for improving land ecological security.The results showed that:1)The evaluation index system of land ecological security in Fuxian Lake basin,the system state layer including GDP,added value of tertiary industry and total agricultural output value was an important factor affecting the system evaluation,and it has the highest weight of 0.5523;2)The comprehensive index of ecological security in Fuxian Lake basin showed a slight fluctuation and continued to increase from 1990-2018.The ecological situation reached the best in 2018,and the index of ecological security was 0.7907;3)The ecological security situation in Fuxian Lake basin has the largest change and the span of ecological security level was the largest from 2010 to 2015,and the ecological security level transited from less safe level to critical safe level and then to more safe level;4)The main pressures that affect the ecological security of Fuxian Lake basin were urbanization construction,socioeconomic development,and agricultural production activities.Conversion from farmland to forests,afforest-ation,rational allocation of land resources and optimization and adjustment of industrial structure are the main reasons in affecting land ecological security.

关 键 词：生态安全 PSR方法 指标体系 土地利用变化 抚仙湖流域 

分 类 号：X827[环境科学与工程—环境工程]