高原城市拉萨农牧业可持续发展影响因素与优化路径  

Influencing Factors and Optimization Path of Sustainable Development of Plateau Agriculture and Animal Husbandry--Taking Lhasa as an Example

作　　者：马仁锋[1] 刘丽东 张文忠[2] 李佳洺[2] MA Renfeng;LIU lidong;ZHANG Wenzhong;LI Jiaming(Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques,Centre for Land and Marine Spatial Utilization and Governance Research,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Key Laboratory of Region Sustainable Development Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学地理与空间信息技术系宁波陆海国土空间利用与治理协同创新中心,浙江宁波315211 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《高原农业》2023年第3期324-335,共12页Journal of Plateau Agriculture

基　　金：科技部第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0406)。

摘　　要：农牧业是拉萨乃至青藏高原基础产业,其可持续发展水平关系到国家稳定与边疆安全。本文基于可持续发展理论运用SWOT、回归分析等方法,分析拉萨农牧业发展条件及影响其可持续发展的关键因素,结合拉萨农牧业典型产业模式可推广性探讨拉萨农牧业可持续发展策略。结果表明:拉萨农牧业可持续发展的有利条件和不利条件相对均衡,可聚焦良种、经营人才与产业组织模式采取有效措施转化不利条件。影响农牧业发展因素中农作物播种面积、农业机械化总动力是关键。拉萨农牧业发展的地方经营模式为“公司+合作社+农户”等,但是存在利益分配、社会化服务体系不健全及粮:经:饲比例制约产业稳定发展等问题,提升农牧业可持续发展水平关键在于优化土地利用基础上优化牦牛、青稞、牛奶等核心产业经营模式,提升农牧业的生态化、集约化与品牌化水平。Agriculture and animal husbandry are the basic industries in Lhasa and even on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and their sustainable development levels are related to social stability and border security.This paper analyzes the development conditions of Lhasa's agriculture and animal husbandry industries and the key factors affecting their sustainable development based on sustainable development theory using SWOT and regression analysis,and discusses the sustainable development strategies of Lhasa's agriculture and animal husbandry industry in combination with the replicability of typical industrial models of Lhasa's agriculture and animal husbandry industries.The results show that the favorable and unfavorable conditions for the sustainable development of Lhasa's agriculture and animal husbandry are relatively balanced,and effective measures can be taken to transform the unfavorable conditions by focusing on good seeds,management talents and industrial organization model.Among the factors affecting the development of agriculture and animal husbandry,crop sowing area and total power of agricultural mechanization are the key elements.There are some problems in the development model of core industries of agriculture and animal husbandry in Lhasa,such as benefit distribution,unsound socialized service system,and the ratio of grain,warp and feed restricting the stable development of the industry.The key to improve the sustainable development levels of agriculture and animal husbandries is to optimize the business model of"company+cooperatives+farmers"on the basis of optimizing land use,and to take the road of ecology,intensification and branding.

关 键 词：农业可持续发展 青稞业 牦牛业 拉萨市 

分 类 号：F30[经济管理—产业经济]