北京市某区空气污染物与医院门诊量的关系研究  

Study on the Relationship between Air Pollutants and Hospital Outpatient Volume in a District of Beijing

作　　者：朱春晓[1] 刘晓涛[1] 张蕊 石琼[1] 甄国新[1] ZHU Chunxiao;LIU Xiaotao;ZHANG Rui;SHI Qiong;ZHEN Guoxin(Shunyi District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,101300 China)

机构地区：[1]北京市顺义区疾病预防控制中心,北京101300

出　　处：《中国卫生产业》2023年第4期213-216,共4页China Health Industry

摘　　要：目的探讨某区的空气污染物与医院门诊量的关系。方法收集2016—2018年某区医院日门诊总量和分病种日门诊量以及同期的环保每日监测资料,比较空气污染物与医院门诊量的关系。结果NO_(2)超标日的日门诊总量高于达标日,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.762,P=0.006);NO_(2)、CO、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)超标日的呼吸系统疾病的日门诊量高于达标日,差异有统计学意义(ZNO_(2)=-6.488,PNO_(2)<0.001;ZCO=-2.402,PCO=0.016;ZPM_(10)=-4.343,PPM10<0.001;ZPM_(2.5)=-3.317,PPM_(2.5)=0.001);NO_(2)、PM_(2.5)超标日的循环系统疾病的日门诊量高于达标日,差异有统计学意义(ZNO_(2)=-3.629,PNO_(2)<0.001;ZPM_(2.5)=-3.009,PPM_(2.5)=0.003);PM_(2.5)超标日的皮肤和皮下组织疾病高于达标日,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.693,P=0.007)。结论北京市某区空气污染增加可能对医院门诊量、呼吸系统疾病和循环系统疾病门诊量的增加有一定影响。Objective To explore the relationship between the air pollutants in a certain district and the outpatient volume in a hospital.Methods The daily out-patient volume,out-patient volume by disease type and daily environmental monitoring data of a district hospital were collected from 2016 to 2018,and the relationship between air pollutants and out-patient volume was compared.Results The total outpatient volume of NO_(2) exceeded the standard day,and the difference was statistically significant(Z=-2.762,P=0.006).The daily outpatient number of respiratory diseases on days when NO_(2),CO,PM10 and PM_(2.5) exceeded the standard was higher than that on days when the standard was reached,and the difference was statistically significant(ZNO_(2)=-6.488,PNO_(2)<0.001;ZCO=-2.402,PCO=0.016;ZPM_(10)=-4.343,PPM10<0.001;ZPM_(2.5)=-3.317,PPM_(2.5)=0.001);The daily out-patient number of circulatory diseases on days exceeding the standard of NO_(2) and PM_(2.5) was higher than that on days reaching the standard,and the difference was statistically significant(ZNO_(2)=-3.629,PNO_(2)<0.001;ZPM_(2.5)=-3.009,PPM_(2.5)=0.003);The number of skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases in PM_(2.5) exceeding the standard day was higher than that in the standard day,and the difference was statistically significant(Z=-2.693,P=0.007).Conclusion The increase of air pollution in a district of Beijing may have an effect on the increase of outpatient volume,respiratory system disease and circulatory system disease.

关 键 词：空气污染物 门诊量 呼吸系统 循环系统 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]