淹没柔性植被河道阻力系数特性及计算方法研究  

Research on the Characteristics and Calculation Method of Resistance Coefficient of Submerged Flexible Vegetated River Channel

作　　者：赵汗青 王伟杰 赵彦芳 冯达骞 李今今 徐宇轩 ZHAO Han-qing;WANG Wei-jie;ZHAO Yan-fang;FENG Da-qian;LI Jin-jin;XU Yu-xuan(Institute of Science and Technology,China Three Gorges Corporation,Beijing 100038,China;National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety,Nanjing 210024,Jiangsu Province,China;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;College of Water Resources,Hebei Engineering University,Handan 056000,Hebei Province,China;College of Water Resources,North China University of Water Resources and Hydropower,Zhengzhou 450045,Henan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国长江三峡集团有限公司,科学技术研究院,北京100038 [2]水资源高效利用与工程安全国家工程研究中心,江苏南京210024 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院,流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [4]河北工程大学水利学院,河北邯郸056000 [5]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450045

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2023年第6期128-132,137,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52209083);中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目(202103399);国家自然科学基金项目(51809286);中国水利水电科学研究院“五大人才”项目(WE0199A052021)。

摘　　要：植被是河流生态系统中重要的组成部分,在河流生态修复、河道形态演变和水资源可持续利用中发挥重要的作用,但水生植被的存在也会改变河道水流的运动形态,降低水流流速。柔性植被在水流的作用下会产生形态变化,使水流运动更加复杂。将柔性植被的形变因素加入到经典达西-魏斯巴赫阻力方程,利用最大差异性算法对试验数据进行筛选分类,通过遗传算法确定出淹没柔性植被阻力系数的表达式,基于达西-魏斯巴赫阻力系数与曼宁系数的转换关系得出曼宁系数表达式。结果表明:提出的达西-魏斯巴赫阻力系数公式和曼宁系数公式具有相对简明的表达形式,能应用于不同水深、不同植被密度、不同植被高度等条件下的淹没柔性植被河道阻力系数计算,研究成果可为植被化生态河道设计提供理论依据。Vegetation is an important part of the river ecosystem,which plays an important role in river ecological restoration,river morphology evolution and sustainable utilization of water resources.However,the existence of aquatic vegetation will also change the flow pattern and reduce the flow velocity.Flexible vegetation present certain oscillation and deformation under the action of water flow,which makes the water movement more complicated.In this paper,the deformation of the flexible vegetation is considered in the classical Darcy-Weisbach equation,and the vegetation properties that affect the resistance coefficient are analyzed.The maximum difference algorithm is used to screen and classify the experimental data,and then the genetic algorithm is used to determine the expression of the resistance coefficient of the submerged flexible vegetation.At the same time,the formula of Manning coefficient is derived by the relationship between the Darcy-Weisbach coefficient and the Manning coefficient.The results show that the friction formulae of Darcy-Weisbach and Manning have relatively concise expressions and can be applied to the calculation of the resistance coefficient of submerged flexible vegetation under different water depths,different vegetation densities and different vegetation heights.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the design of vegetated ecological channel.

关 键 词：柔性植被 明渠流动 阻力系数 最大差异性算法 遗传算法 

分 类 号：TV131.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]