葡萄灌溉供水调控与果实品质影响规律研究  

Study on Regulation of Irrigation Water Supply and Effect of Grape Fruit Quality

作　　者：谢卓君 赵高俊 刘曼情 谢沙[1] XIE Zhuojun;ZHAO Gaojun;LIU Manqing;XIE Sha(College of Enology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《现代食品》2023年第6期32-34,共3页Modern Food

摘　　要：了解调亏灌溉技术给葡萄生长以及果实品质的影响,为该技术提供理论依据。大田条件下,将赤霞珠、品丽珠等为试材,测试在灌水量水平不同时对葡萄树进行灌溉,分析比较不同灌水量情况下葡萄生长的速度和品质的区别。分析表明,处于RDI条件时,葡萄树枝生长量非常稀少,副梢发长率也明显下降;不断加大调亏程度时,葡萄树的叶片蒸腾速率、胞间CO_(2)浓度等逐渐降低,但能明显发现水分能充分利用。数据显示,产量的高低及葡萄果粒的大小和灌溉量的多少没有明显的关系,但是葡萄中的含酸量会下降且还原糖的含量会上升;另一方面表明,种植者想要提高葡萄皮中的酚类物质含量可以降低调亏灌溉。在节约用水的条件下调亏灌溉,不仅可以提升葡萄的品质,还可以高效地控制葡萄的生长,尤其是用于酿酒的葡萄。In order to understand the effect of regulated deficit irrigation technology on grape growth and fruit quality,and provide theoretical basis for grape water-saving irrigation technology.Under the field conditions,the European and Asian grape varieties Cabernet Sauvignon,Cabernet Franc and Pinot Noir were used as test materials to test the irrigation of grape trees at different irrigation levels,and analyze the differences of grape growth speed and quality under different irrigation levels.The analysis showed that under RDI conditions,the growth of grape branches was very rare,and the growth rate of secondary shoots was also significantly decreased;The transpiration rate of grape leaves and the concentration of intercellular CO_(2)gradually decreased with increasing the degree of regulation deficit,but it was obvious that water could be fully utilized.The data shows that there is no obvious relationship between the yield,the size of grape fruit and the amount of irrigation,but the acid content of grapes will decrease and the content of reducing sugar will increase;On the other hand,growers who want to increase the content of phenolic substances in grape skins can reduce regulated deficit irrigation.Reducing deficit irrigation under the condition of saving water can not only improve the quality of grapes,but also effectively control the growth of grapes,especially grapes used for wine making.

关 键 词：调亏灌溉 葡萄 生长发育 果实品质 

分 类 号：F307.1[经济管理—产业经济]