国际联运可变轨距车辆运用经济可行性分析  

Economic Feasibility Analysis of Variable Gauge Vehicles in International Intermodal Transport

作　　者：王菲 张巍 吴云云 程文毅 WANG Fei;ZHANG Wei;WU Yunyun;CHENG Wenyi(Transportation&Economics Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Freight Transport Department,China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100844,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司运输及经济研究所,北京100081 [2]中国国家铁路集团有限公司货运部,北京100844

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2023年第6期93-98,共6页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2023-XZ-31);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(P2021X013);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2022YJ004)。

摘　　要：近年来,以中欧班列为代表的铁路国际联运快速发展,逐步形成覆盖欧亚大陆的国际物流网络,铁路国际联运运量增长迅速。但是中欧班列在快速发展中也显现出口岸能力受限、换装通关效率不高等问题,制约了中欧班列的高质量发展。可变轨距车辆被认为是推动不同轨距线路间国际联运互联互通的有效手段,可显著提升车辆在口岸的作业效率。目前我国铁路没有配属可变轨距车辆的先例。为管好用好可变轨距车辆,研究可变轨距车辆成本构成及测算方法,对可变轨距车辆运用经济性进行分析,并提出完善沿线国家过轨协调机制、研究可变轨距车辆适运范围和品类、完善境外车辆运营管理模式、优化编制全程运行时刻表等可变轨距车辆推广应用措施建议。In recent years,railway international intermodal transport represented by China Railway Express has developed rapidly,gradually forming an international logistics network covering the Eurasian continent,and the volume of railway international intermodal transport has grown rapidly.However,the rapid development of China Railway Express has also shown problems such as limited port capacity and low customs clearance efficiency in transshipment,which have hindered the high-quality development of China Railway Express.Variable gauge vehicles are considered as an effective means to promote the interconnection of international intermodal transport between different gauge lines,which can significantly improve the operational efficiency of vehicles at ports.At present,there is no precedent for China’s railway to be equipped with variable gauge vehicles.To manage and make good use of variable gauge vehicles,this paper studied the cost composition and calculation methods of variable gauge vehicles,and analyzed the economic efficiency of using variable gauge vehicles.It put forward some measures and suggestions on the promotion and application of variable gauge vehicles,such as improving the coordination mechanism for rail transit in countries along the route,studying the scope and category of variable gauge vehicles,improving the operation and management mode of overseas vehicles,and optimizing the preparation of a full operation schedule.

关 键 词：国际联运 可变轨距 车辆 收益成本 全程物流 

分 类 号：U294[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] F530.85[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]