Ultrasound-Mediated Drug Delivery:Sonoporation Mechanisms,Biophysics,and Critical Factors  

作　　者：Juan Tu Alfred C.H.Yu 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics(MOE),Department of Physics,Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure,Nanjing University,Nanjing,China [2]Schlegel Research Institute for Aging,University of Waterloo,Waterloo,ON,Canada

出　　处：《Biomedical Engineering Frontiers》2022年第1期14-30,共17页生物医学工程前沿（英文）

基　　金：supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada (CREATE-528202-2019);Canadian Institutes of Health Research (PJT-153240);the Ministry of Science and Technology Key Research and Development Plan of China (No.2018YFC0115901);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11774168).

摘　　要：Sonoporation,or the use of ultrasound in the presence of cavitation nuclei to induce plasma membrane perforation,is well considered as an emerging physical approach to facilitate the delivery of drugs and genes to living cells.Nevertheless,this emerging drug delivery paradigm has not yet reached widespread clinical use,because the efficiency of sonoporation is often deemed to be mediocre due to the lack of detailed understanding of the pertinent scientific mechanisms.Here,we summarize the current observational evidence available on the notion of sonoporation,and we discuss the prevailing understanding of the physical and biological processes related to sonoporation.To facilitate systematic understanding,we also present how the extent of sonoporation is dependent on a multitude of factors related to acoustic excitation parameters(ultrasound frequency,pressure,cavitation dose,exposure time),microbubble parameters(size,concentration,bubble-to-cell distance,shell composition),and cellular properties(cell type,cell cycle,biochemical contents).By adopting a science-backed approach to the realization of sonoporation,ultrasound-mediated drug delivery can be more controllably achieved to viably enhance drug uptake into living cells with high sonoporation efficiency.This drug delivery approach,when coupled with concurrent advances in ultrasound imaging,has potential to become an effective therapeutic paradigm.

关 键 词：CAVITATION BUBBLE REALIZATION 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]