中小型河流污染负荷特征自动提取方法研究——以济宁河流为例  

Study on Automatic Extraction of Pollution Load Characteristics of Small and Medium-sized Rivers

作　　者：白璐 姬洪亮 贺敬怡 Bai Lu;Ji Hongliang;He Jingyi(Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering,M.O.T,Tianjin 300456,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection in Water Transport Engineering,Tianjin 300456,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所,天津300456 [2]水路交通环境保护技术交通行业重点实验室,天津300456

出　　处：《环境科学与管理》2023年第6期66-71,共6页Environmental Science and Management

摘　　要：为提高河流污染治理的合理性,提出中小型河流污染负荷特征自动提取方法研究。分析河流污染源主要包括工厂污染、生活污染、养殖污染以及农业污染,确定每类污染负荷计算公式,明确污染排放量,建立三层水箱模型,模拟水源与污染物的流入扩散过程,以降水量、蒸发量和用水量为模型输入参数,将综合水质指数作为污染负荷特征指标,经过模型计算即可提取出河流的负荷特征。实验以济宁河流为研究对象,分别从时间与空间两方面实现特征提取,提取结果表现为:河流冬季污染比夏季严重,且下游综合水质指数高,污染物沉积严重,中上游污染较轻。An automatic extraction of pollution load characteristics of small and medium-sized rivers is proposed in order to improve the rationality of river pollution control.The river pollution sources was analyzed,including factory pollution,domestic pollution,aquaculture pollution and agricultural pollution.The calculation formulas for various pollution loads were determined and pollution discharge was defined.A three-layer water tank model was established.The inflow and diffusion processes of water sources and pollutants were simulated,and precipitation,evaporation and water consumption were used as input parameters of the model.The comprehensive water quality index was took as the pollution load characteristic index.The load characteristics of the river can be extracted through model calculation.The experiment takes Jining River as the research object to collect both time and spacial features.The results show that the river pollution in winter is more serious than that in summer and the comprehensive water quality index in the downstream is higher.The pollutant deposition is serious while the pollution in the middle and upper reaches is lighter.

关 键 词：中小型河流 污染负荷特征 自动提取 水箱模型 综合水质指数 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]