肉牛发酵床垫料筛选的研究  

Study on screening of fermentation mattress material for beef cattle

作　　者：熊飙 李英姣 俸祥仁 苏江伟 陆晶山 韦巧燕 XIONG Biao;Li Yingjiao;FENG Xiangren;SU Jiangwei;LU Jingshan;WEI Qiaoyan(Guangxi Agricultural Vocational University,Nanning 530007,China;Terrestrial Wildlife Rescue and Epidemic Diseases Surveillance Center of Guangxi,Nanning 530007,China;Guangxi Liuzhou Breeding Farm,Liuzhou 545003,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业职业技术大学,广西南宁530007 [2]广西陆生野生动物救护研究与疫源疫病监测中心,广西南宁530007 [3]广西壮族自治区柳州种畜场,广西柳州545003

出　　处：《畜禽业》2023年第6期1-5,共5页Livestock and Poultry Industry

基　　金：2021年广西农业职业技术学院科研项目“规模化牛场微生物发酵床不同垫料筛选及前期发酵特征的研究”(YKJ2127);来宾市科学研究与技术开发计划项目“肉用水牛生态养殖关键技术研究与示范”(来科攻211901);2022年广西农业科技自筹经费项目“肉牛产业提质增效养殖关键技术研究与应用示范”(Z202201)。

摘　　要：目的试验旨在探讨利用稻草秸杆与甘蔗尾叶代替部分锯末屑制作发酵床用于肉牛养殖的可行性,以期为稻草秸杆与甘蔗尾叶等农作物秸秆用作肉牛发酵床垫料提供科学依据。方法试验按照垫料总质量相同原则,以100%锯木屑做发酵床垫料为对照,设定了4种垫料配比组合,分别为:50%锯末屑+10%稻草秸杆+40%甘蔗尾叶(T1)、50%锯末屑+20%稻草秸杆+30%甘蔗尾叶(T2)、50%锯末屑+30%稻草秸杆+20%甘蔗尾叶(T3)、100%锯末屑(T4)。在模拟发酵床条件下,观察物理性状、测定发酵温度、pH值、氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)等指标。结果稻草秸杆替代30%锯末屑垫料会出现结块;在发酵床温度方面,对照组与各试验组差异不明显;各组pH值呈缓慢升高趋势,发酵第35天与第7天相比pH增加值T4>T1>T3>T2;各组发酵床垫料中N、P、K含量随时间延长逐渐升高,试验过程中对照组升高的幅度明显高于各试验组。结论垫料配比为50%锯末屑+20%稻草秸杆+30%甘蔗尾叶的性价比最佳。Objective To explore the feasibility of using straw and sugarcane tail leaves instead of sawdust to make fermentation bed for beef cattle breeding,which provide scientific basis for the use of straw and sugarcane tail leaves as fermentation mattress material for beef cattle.Methods According to the principle of the same total mass of bedding,four kinds of bedding ratio combination were set with 100%sawdust as the control,including 50%sawdust+10%straw+40%cane tail(T1),50%sawdust+20%straw+30%cane tail(T2),50%sawdust+30%straw+20%cane tail(T3),100%sawdust(T4).Physical properties of each group were observed under simulated fermentation bed conditions,and fermentation temperature,pH value,nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K)and other indexes were measured.Results Straw replaces 30%sawdust bedding will be caking(T3).In terms of fermentation bed temperature,there was no significant difference between the control group and the experimental groups.The pH value of each group showed a slow increasing trend,and the pH value of the 7th day of fermentation was compared with that of the 35th day,that T4>T1>T3>T2.The contents of elements N,P and K in the fermented mattress materials of each group increased gradually with the extension of time,and the increase amplitude of the control group was significantly higher than that of the experimental groups.Conclusion The ratio of performance to price is the best when the proportion of cushion material is 50%sawdust+20%straw+30%cane tail.

关 键 词：肉牛 发酵床 农作物秸秆 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]