CT增强碘对比剂急性不良反应发生现况及影响因素  

Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of acute adverse reactions of CT⁃enhanced iodine contrast medium

作　　者：杨秋月 汪晖 李琴[1] 李震[1] YANG Qiuyue;WANG Hui;LI Qin;LI Zhen(Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Hubei 430030 China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院,湖北430030

出　　处：《护理研究》2023年第12期2122-2129,共8页Chinese Nursing Research

摘　　要：目的:探讨CT增强碘对比剂急性不良反应发生现况,并分析其影响因素。方法:选取2021年4月—2021年6月于武汉市某三级甲等医院行CT增强检查的5885例病人为研究对象,采用自制问卷(包括病人个人因素、碘对比剂因素、检查前准备相关因素、环境因素及急性不良反应发生情况5个维度)对病人进行调查。结果:5885例病人中,急性不良反应发生率为2.72%(160/5885);超敏/过敏样反应发生率为0.44%(26/5885);化学毒性/生理反应发生率为2.28%(134/5885);次高渗碘对比剂所致的急性不良反应发生率高于等渗碘对比剂;98.75%的病人表现为轻度急性不良反应,82.50%的急性不良反应发生在碘对比剂开始注射后的前5 min。Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、体质指数、基础疾病、过敏史、就医方式、碘对比剂种类为CT增强碘对比剂急性不良反应的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:CT增强碘对比剂急性不良反应主要为轻度化学毒性/生理反应,一般发生在碘对比剂开始注射后的前5 min,年龄、体质指数、基础疾病、过敏史、就医方式、碘对比剂种类是CT增强碘对比剂急性不良反应发生的影响因素。Objective:To investigate the occurrence of acute adverse reactions(AARs)of iodine contrast medium(ICM)with CT⁃enhancement,and analyze its influencing factors.Method:A total of 5885 patients who underwent enhanced⁃CT examination in a a tertiary grade A hospital in Wuhan from April 2021 to June 2021 were selected as the study subjects.A self⁃designed questionnaire(including five dimensions of patient′s personal factors,iodine contrast medium factors,factors related to preparation before examination,environmental factors and occurrence of AARs)was used to investigate the patients.Results:Among 5885 patients,the incidence of AARs was 2.72%(160/5885);The incidence of hypersensitive/allergic⁃like reaction was 0.44%(26/5885);The incidence of chemical toxicity/physiological reaction was 2.28%(134/5885);The incidence of AARs caused by secondary hypohypertonic contrast medium was higher than that caused by iso⁃osmolar contrast medium;98.75%of the patients presented with AARs,and 82.50%of AARs occurred within the first 5 minutes after the initiation of ICM injection.Logistic regression analysis showed that age,BMI,basic disease,allergy history,the way of seeking medical attention,and ICM type were independent influencing factors of AARs of CT⁃enhanced ICM(P<0.05).Conclusion:Ct⁃enhanced AARs were mainly mild chemical toxicity/physiological reactions,which generally occurred in the first 5 minutes after the initiation of ICM injection.Age,BMI,basic disease,allergy history,the way of seeking medical attention,and ICM type were independent influencing factors of AARs of CT⁃enhanced ICM.

关 键 词：碘对比剂 急性不良反应 CT增强 体层摄影术 X线计算机 影响因素 前瞻性研究 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]