葵花籽壳生物炭对土壤中镉的固定研究  

Study on Immobilization of Cadmium in Soil by Sunflower Seed Shell Biochar

作　　者：叶锦莎 骆欣[2] 刘瑞森 Ye Jinsha;Luo Xin;Liu Ruisen(College of Safety Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Beijing 101601,China;College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,North China Institute of Science and Technology,Beijing 101601,China)

机构地区：[1]华北科技学院安全工程学院,北京101601 [2]华北科技学院化学与环境工程学院,北京101601

出　　处：《山东化工》2023年第10期265-268,共4页Shandong Chemical Industry

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费项目(3142014017)。

摘　　要：以葵花籽为原料,制备葵花籽壳生物炭(SHC)和高锰酸钾改性葵花籽壳生物炭(MSHC),研究SHC和MSHC在不同生物炭添加量和不同固定时间对土壤中重金属Cd有效态含量、固定效率、形态分布的影响及其固定稳定化机制。结果表明:经高锰酸钾改性后,MSHC比表面积、孔容增大。土壤Cd有效态含量,随生物炭添加量的增大而降低,随固定时间的增加而减少。30 d培养结束后,在7%的添加水平下,土壤中Cd有效态含量在MSHC的作用下降低了6.143 mg·kg^(-1),固定效率最高可达67.10%,且MSHC是SHC的2倍左右。添加生物炭后,土壤中Cd的形态分布由性质活泼的弱酸提取态向性质稳定的残渣态转变,且生物炭添加量越大,效果越明显,其中添加量为7%的MSHC效果最好,残渣态最高可达34.98%,弱酸提取态最低可达14.71%。Sunflower seeds were used as raw materials to prepare sunflower seed shell biochar(SHC)and potassium permanganate-modified sunflower shell biochar(MSHC)in this paper,and to investigate the effects of SHC and MSHC on the effective state content,immobilization efficiency and morphological distribution of heavy metal Cd in soil at different biochar additions and different immobilization times,as well as their immobilization stabilization The results showed that the effective state content,fixation efficiency and morphological distribution of heavy metals in soil were stabilized by potassium permanganate.The results showed that after modification by potassium permanganate,the specific surface area and pore volume of MSHC increased.At the end of 30 d incubation,the effective state content of Cd in soil decreased by 6.143 mg·kg^(-1)under the effect of MSHC at 7%addition level,and the fixation efficiency was up to 67.10%,and MSHC was about twice as high as SHC.After adding biochar,the morphological distribution of Cd in soil changed from the active weak acid extracted state to the stable residue state,and the effect was more obvious with the higher addition of biochar,in which the best effect was achieved with the addition of 7%MSHC,and the highest residue state was up to 34.98%,and the lowest weak acid extracted state was up to 14.71%.

关 键 词：锰 生物炭 镉 土壤固定 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]