蓝碳开发议题演进、国际实践与路径优化  

Topic Evolution,International Practice and Path Optimization of Blue Carbon Development

作　　者：胡斌[1] HU Bin(The School of Law,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学法学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《中国国土资源经济》2023年第6期59-67,89,共10页Natural Resource Economics of China

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(20VHQ009);中央高校基本科研业务费项目人文社科专项“全球公域治理语境下人类命运共同体构建研究”(X20220242);中央高校基本科研业务费(NO.2020CDSKXYFX009)资助。

摘　　要：文章在文本分析基础上,通过比对《巴黎协定》生效前后蓝碳国际规则与国家实践,揭示在全球气候治理目标和模式创新,以及气候变化与可持续发展进程深度融合背景下,蓝碳在国际气候治理进程中的重要性和关注度已有显著提升。通过对国家自主贡献(NDCs)相关数据的整理和内容分析,指出在当前国际气候治理中,蓝碳开发主要存在以下不足:①蓝碳范围界定不清;②对蓝碳在应对气候变化中的贡献难以作出独立评估;③蓝碳减缓承诺信息不明确;④蓝碳承诺附加条件凸显了发展中国家在蓝碳发展上的资金和技术不足;⑤蓝碳适应计划可执行性不足。针对上述问题,文章提出后《巴黎协定》时代推动蓝碳发展的建议:①国际合作层面应着力推动将海洋纳入全球气候盘点,并发挥非气候国际机制的协同作用;②各国国内层面应鼓励NDCs将海洋单列为一个温室气体排放部门,同时灵活运用《巴黎协定》第6条的合作机制,拓展蓝碳开发的融资渠道。Based on the text analysis,this paper compares the international rules and national practices of blue carbon before and after the entry into force of the Paris Accord,and reveals that the importance and attention of blue carbon in the international climate governance process has been significantly increased under the background of the innovation of global climate governance goals and models,as well as the deep integration of climate change and sustainable development process.Through the collation and content analysis of the data of Nationally Determined Contributions(NDCs),it is pointed out that in the current international climate governance,blue carbon development mainly has the following deficiencies:①The range of blue carbon is inexplicit;②It is difficult to assess the contribution of blue carbon to tackling climate change independently;③The information of blue carbon mitigation commitment is unclear;④The conditions attached to the blue carbon commitment highlight the lack of funding and technology in developing countries for blue carbon development;⑤The implementation of the blue carbon adaptation plan is insufficient.Aim at the above problems,the paper puts forward some suggestions to promote the development of blue carbon in the post-Paris Accord era:①At the international cooperation level,efforts should be made to bring oceans into the global climate inventory,and bring into play the synergistic role of non-climate international mechanisms;②At the national level,the NDCs should be encouraged to single out the ocean as a Green House Gas(GHG)sector,while flexibly using the cooperation mechanisms of Article 6 of the Paris Accord to expand financing channels for blue carbon development.

关 键 词：蓝碳 国际气候治理 国家自主贡献 国际实践 路径优化 

分 类 号：D996.9[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学] F205[政治法律—经济法学] F062.1[政治法律—国际法学]