我国内地居民体育锻炼参与决策及体育锻炼时间的影响因素研究——基于2016年中国劳动力动态调查数据的实证研究  

Influence Factors of Chinese Residents’Physical Exercise Participation Decision-making and Participation Time:An Empirical Test Based on the Survey Data of China Labor-force Dynamics Survey in 2016

作　　者：钟华梅 王兆红[2] ZHONG Huamei;WANG Zhaohong(School of Physical Education and Sport Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350117,China;College of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学体育科学学院,福建福州350117 [2]北京师范大学体育与运动学院,北京100875

出　　处：《首都体育学院学报》2023年第3期307-316,共10页Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(22ATY003)。

摘　　要：提高居民体育锻炼参与率是促进全民健康、推进体育强国建设的重点任务。使用2016年中国劳动力动态调查数据和Heckman二阶段模型,实证分析影响我国内地居民体育锻炼参与决策和体育锻炼时间的因素。经分析发现:1)我国内地居民的体育锻炼参与概率及体育锻炼时间在人口社会学特征方面存在显著差异,男性居民、城市居民、高学历居民、健康状况好的居民的体育锻炼参与概率更大,且体育锻炼时间更多。个人年龄与其体育锻炼参与概率呈“U型”关系,但是个人年龄对其体育锻炼时间没有影响;2)个人家务劳动时间增加、家庭收入增长、所在行政区有体育设施、所在行政区人均体育财政经费投入增加都会显著增大其体育锻炼参与概率及延长其体育锻炼时间;3)个人工作时间延长、在婚、家庭规模增大、所在行政区PM2.5浓度升高都会显著减小其体育锻炼参与概率及减少其体育锻炼时间;4)个人收入和所在行政区的人均GDP增长均会显著增大其体育锻炼参与概率,但是对其体育锻炼时间没有影响。Improving the participation rate of residents in physical exercise is a key task to promote national fitness and advance the construction of sport power.Using the 2016 China labor-force dynamics survey data and the Heckman two-stage model,we empirically test the factors influencing the physical exercise participation decision-making and participation time of Chinese residents.The results show that:1)There are significant differences in the probability of physical exercise participation and physical exercise time among residents with different demographic and sociological characteristics in China.In other words,male residents,urban residents,residents with high education level,and residents with high health level had higher probability of physical exercise participation and spent more time on physical exercise.Age has a“U-shaped”relationship with the probability of participating in physical exercise,but has no effect on the time of physical exercise;2)The increase in household work time,the increase in household income,the availability of sports facilities in residents’wards,and the increase in per capita financial investment in sports all significantly increase the probability of individual physical exercise participation and longer physical exercise time;3)Increased working hours,being married,increased family size,and increased PM2.5 concentrations all significantly reduce the probability of individual physical exercise participation and reduce the time for physical exercise;4)Rising personal income and rising GDP per capita significantly increase the probability of personal physical exercise participation,but have no effect on both personal physical exercise time.

关 键 词：体育锻炼 参与决策 参与时间 时间分配理论 Heckman模型 

分 类 号：G80-081[文化科学—运动人体科学]