儋州市春季雷雨大风的天气气候特征  

On the Synoptic and Climatological Characteristics of Springtime Thunderstorms in Danzhou,Hainan Province

作　　者：汪家楠 吴胜安[2,3] 鲍敏 李春苗 黄韦珠 何栩剑 金席宇 WANG Jia-nan;WU Sheng-an;BAO Min;LI Chun-miao;HUANG Wei-zhu;HE Xu-jian;JIN Xi-yu(Meteorological Bureau of Danzhou,Danzhou 571700;Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation for South China Sea,Hainan Province,Haikou,Hainan 570203;Climate Center of Hainan Province,Haikou,Hainan 570203;Meteorological Bureau of Changbaishan,Changbaishan 133613)

机构地区：[1]儋州市气象局,海南儋州571700 [2]海南省南海气象防灾减灾重点实验室,海南海口570203 [3]海南省气候中心,海南海口570203 [4]长白山气象局,吉林长白山133613

出　　处：《广东气象》2023年第3期46-49,53,共5页Guangdong Meteorology

基　　金：海南省青年基金项目(hnqxZC202114)。

摘　　要：对2010—2019年儋州市国家基本气象站及区域自动站数据统计分析表明:儋州市南部最常出现雷雨大风天气,春季年平均出现1.36 d,西部雷雨大风局地性较强。儋州市年均雷雨大风天数呈现出双峰型,3—5月雷雨大风天数逐月增多,下午为雷雨大风出现的高峰时段。儋州市雷雨大风风力以7级为主。根据500 hPa的天气形势,将儋州市雷雨大风分成南海低槽型、变暖高压脊型、副高型、西南热低压型、冷空气偏东下型、冷空气偏西下型,其中西南热低压型出现最多,每年春季平均出现10.9 d。As shown by our statistic analysis on the data of a national basic meteorological station in Danzhou and regional automatic weather stations from 2010 to 2019,thunderstorms occur most frequently in the south of the city,having an annual average of 1.36 d in spring,while they are mostly local in the west.Annual average numbers of thunderstorm days distribute in a bimodal pattern,increasing gradually from March to May with the afternoon being the time of peak appearance.For the thunderstorm in Danzhou,wind force is predominantly at the Beaufort scale of seven.Based on synoptic patterns at 500 hPa,the city’s thunderstorms can be grouped into the follow ing backgrounds.They are either a low trough in the South Chi-na Sea,a warming high pressure ridge,a subtropical high pressure,a thermal low pressure in the southwest of China,or a cold air stream via an eastern route or a western route.Thunderstorms originating from the thermal low pressure in the southwest of China have the most occurrence,averaging at 10.9 d every spring.

关 键 词：气候学 雷雨大风 春季 儋州市 

分 类 号：P46[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]