中亚热带喀斯特常绿落叶阔叶林空间结构特征  

Spatial Structural Characteristics of Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Broad-leaved Forest in Mid-subtropical Karst,China

作　　者：淦江 杜虎[1,2] 宋同清[1,2] 彭晚霞[1,2] 曾馥平[1,2] 黄国勤[1] GAN Jiang;DU Hu;SONG Tongqing;PENG Wanxia;ZENG Fuping;HUANG Guoqin(Research Center on Ecological Sciences,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academic of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Services,Huanjiang Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Huanjiang,Guangxi 547100,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学生态科学研究中心,南昌330045 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,长沙410125 [3]中国科学院环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站广西喀斯特生态过程与服务重点实验室,广西环江547100

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2023年第5期846-855,共10页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071073,31971487);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2021366);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB17129009);河池市特聘专家项目。

摘　　要：喀斯特常绿落叶阔叶林是中国西南喀斯特地区非地带性顶极森林群落,该研究基于相邻木关系的角尺度、混交度和大小比数3个结构参数,对木论国家级自然保护区常绿落叶阔叶林25 hm^(2)大型固定监测样地整体、上木层、下木层及其优势物种的空间结构特征进行了分析,以期揭示其森林空间结构现状,为喀斯特植被恢复重建提供依据。结果表明:(1)样地群落整体为轻度聚集分布格局,接近随机分布,物种高度混交且个体间大小分化程度相近,上木层呈现随机分布、强度混交和中庸偏亚优势状态,下木层呈现聚集分布、强度混交和中庸偏劣势状态。(2)样地内优势物种大多处于轻度聚集分布、强度混交且中庸偏劣势的状态。(3)林木大小比数与胸径、树高均呈显著负相关关系,混交度与胸径、树高均呈显著正相关关系,随林木的生长发育,树种优势度逐渐增大,物种多样性逐渐增强。研究认为,木论常绿落叶阔叶林空间结构尚未完全稳定,正处于演替中后期,具有发育成顶极群落的潜力。The mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest in karst is a non-zonal climax forest community in southwest China.This study used three structural parameters based on the relationship between adjacent trees to analyze the spatial structural characteristics of the overall,canopy,and understory and dominant species in a 25 hm^(2) fixed monitoring plot of the mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest,in order to reveal the spatial structural status of the forest and provide a scientific basis for karst vegetation restoration and reconstruction.The results showed that:(1)the overall distribution pattern of the plot community was slightly aggregated and close to random distribution,with highly mixed species and similar size differentiation among individuals.The upper wood layer showed random distribution,mixed intensity,and moderate subdominant,while the lower wood layer showed aggregated distribution,mixed intensity,and moderate partial dominance.(2)Most of the dominant species in the plots were in the state of mild aggregation distribution,mixed intensity,and moderate to inferior.(3)The ratio of tree size was significant negatively correlated with DBH and tree height,while the degree of mixing was significant positively correlated with DBH and tree height.With the growth and development of trees,the dominance of tree species gradually increased,and species diversity gradually increased.It was concluded that the spatial structural of the mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest has not been completely stable,is in the middle and late succession,and has the potential to develop into a climax community.

关 键 词：角尺度 混交度 大小比数 喀斯特生态系统 木论 

分 类 号：Q948.157[生物学—植物学]