城市建筑室外空间热舒适评价分析及优化  

Analysis on the Evaluation and Optimization of Urban Architecture Outdoor Thermal Comfort

作　　者：潘佳茵 Pan Jiayin

机构地区：[1]奥雅纳工程咨询(上海)有限公司

出　　处：《城市建筑》2023年第9期148-152,171,共6页Urbanism and Architecture

摘　　要：城市建筑设计通过营造室外或半室外空间,为人们的健康福祉创造了良好的物理环境。室外空间的热舒适度很大程度上影响了该空间的使用频率和使用场景。文章对室外空间热舒适度的评价指标进行综合分析,并以上海市某大型城市商业综合体项目为例,采用计算模拟的方法,对其在典型工况下的室外微气候进行分析评价,并结合建筑设计对热舒适条件进行改善。文章就常见的三个室外热舒适评价指标湿球黑球温度WBGT、通用热气候指数UTCI、热感知系数TSI进行了多维度的对比分析并确定TSI为本项目模拟指标。根据模拟结果显示,夏季最热工况下,室外主要活动时段的活动场地约有一半面积会有过热风险;冬季大部分时间室外舒适度较低,不宜进行室外活动。针对上述情况,项目提出通过增加天幕设计改善室外活动空间微气候。通过模拟计算验证了优化天幕的遮阳系数和开口形式,能够有效缓解夏季过热情况。The outdoor and semi-outdoor space created with the development of urban architecture design has created a good physical environment,which improves the people's well-being.The thermal comfort of this space will affect its usage frequency and scenarios.This paper makes a comprehensive analysis on the outdoor thermal comfort evaluation indicators.Taking a large urban commercial complex in Shanghai as an example,the paper analyzes and evaluates its outdoor micro-climate in typical conditions with computer simulation,and then improves its thermal comfort conditions with architectural design.The paper conducts a multi-level comparison and analysis on three most commonly used outdoor thermal comfort evaluation indictors,including WGBT,UTCI and TSI,and then determines TSI as the simulation indicator for this project.Based on the simulation results,for the hottest day in summer,there are about half of the project site has a potential of overly heated for the regular opening hours of the outdoor activities.During winter,most of the time,the project site can not meet the requirement of comfort for outdoor activities.In order to improve the outdoor micro-climate,a canopy that covered the project site was proposed.The simulation results showed that optimizing the shading coefficient of the canopy while designing the openings forms can improve the overly heating conditions during summer.

关 键 词：室外微气候 热感知系数 Ladybug&Honeybee 计算流体力学 

分 类 号：TU119.1[建筑科学—建筑理论]