基于PCA-WQI_(min)模型的汤河水库水质评价  

Water Quality Assessment of Tanghe Reservoir based on PCA and WQI_(min) Model

作　　者：田瑜 赵海丽 常艳文 任佳豪 王颖 TIAN Yu;ZHAO Hai-li;CHANG Yan-wen;REN Jia-hao;WANG Ying(Anyang Ecology&Environmental Monitoring Center of Henan,Anyang,Henan 455000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省安阳生态环境监测中心,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《四川环境》2023年第3期123-129,共7页Sichuan Environment

摘　　要：为克服不同水质评价方法的局限性,本文构建和筛选最优PCA-WQImin模型评价水环境质量。以汤河水库为研究对象,采用主成分提取法(PCA)对监测因子进行主要污染因子提取,运用WQImin模型评价汤河水库水质,反映汤河水库水质随季节变化特征及主要污染来源。基于PCA-WQImin模型确定了高锰酸盐指数、化学需氧量、总磷、氨氮、总氮、生化需氧量、溶解氧是影响汤河水库水环境质量的主要污染因子。汤河水库WQImin值夏秋两季相对较低,介于50~70,主要污染物为有机物和营养盐,来源可能为汤河流域内的生活、工业污水和农业面源污染。PCA-WQImin模型可以准确的识别影响水质的主要因子,以较低的监测成本,较少的监测数据,科学的评价水质,反映水质综合质量。该评价模型既涵盖了各项因子之间的关联性,又避免了大量的监测数据处理的复杂性和冗繁性,并且分析效率高,节约人力资源,减少资源消耗,评价结果客观、科学。根据PCA-WQImin水质评价结果反映的季节性变化特征,可以科学的制定来年监测计划。In order to overcome the limitations of different water quality assessment methods,this paper constructed and screened the optimal PCA-WQI_(min) model to evaluate water environmental quality.Taking Tanghe Reservoir as the research object,principal component extraction(PCA)method was used to extract the main pollution factors from monitoring factors,and WQI_(min) model was used to evaluate the water quality of Tanghe reservoir,reflecting the seasonal variation characteristics of water quality and the main pllution sources of Tanghe reservoir.Based on PCA-WQI_(min) model,it was determined that permanganate index,chemical oxygen demand,total phosphorus,ammonia nitrogen,total nitrogen,biochemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen were the main pollution factors affecting the water environment quality of Tanghe reservoir.The WQI_(min) value of Tanghe reservoir is relatively low in summer and autumn,ranging from 50~70.The main pollutants are organic matter and nutrient salts,which may come from domestic,industrial sewage and agricultural non-point source pollution in the Tanghe River basin.PCA-WQI_(min) model can accurately identify the main factors affecting water quality,evaluate water quality scientifically and reflect the comprehensive quality of water quality with low monitoring cost and less monitoring data.The evaluation model not only covers the correlation between various factors,but also avoids the complexity and redundancy of a large number of monitoring data processing,and the analysis efficiency is high,saving human resources,reducing resource consumption,and the evaluation results are objective and scientific.According to the seasonal variation characteristics reflected in the results of PCA-WQI_(min) water quality evaluation,the monitoring plan for the next year can be formulated scientifically.

关 键 词：水质评价 主成分分析 WQI WQImin 汤河水库 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]