不同类型水稻对镉(Cd)吸收、转运与富集的差异分析  

Differential Analysis of Cd Uptake,Transport and Enrichment in Indica and Japonica Rice

作　　者：冯凯璇 杨亚春[2] 李江遐[1] 吴文革 FENC Kai-xuan;YANG Ya-chun;LI Jiang-xia;WU Wen-ge(Rice Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;School of Resources&Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230031,China;School of Resources&Environment,Anhui University,Hefei 230039,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥230031 [2]安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所,合肥230031 [3]安徽大学资源与环境学院,合肥230039

出　　处：《四川环境》2023年第3期350-356,共7页Sichuan Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0300900);安徽省自然科学基金(1808085MC66);安徽省重点研发计划(201404b11020008)。

摘　　要：重金属镉污染日益严重,影响了水稻生长,进而威胁人类健康。旨在分析粳籼亚种水稻镉吸收、转运与富集的差异,探究降低稻米镉含量的方法,提高稻米品质的同时保障粮食安全。而降低稻米镉含量的首要前提就是要了解籼粳亚种水稻对镉吸收、转运以及积累的生理机制。本文综述了籼粳稻亚种镉吸收转运和富集的差异及生理机制等方面的研究进展。结果表明,籼粳稻品种对重金属镉吸收转运和积累的差异显著,一般为:籼稻>粳稻,超级稻>杂交稻>常规稻;品种各器官间镉含量一般为:根>茎叶>籽粒。不同的粳籼水稻亚种之间也存在显著差异,这些差异可能是由于籼粳亚种水稻品种间不同时期的镉富集能力、分配比例以及转移系数这三方面的不同造成的。因此,在探索并掌握水稻籼粳亚种品种的差异以及生理机制的基础上,进一步协调“基因-品种-栽培技术”综合理论,构建水稻高效生产技术体系,才能够更好地保障粮食的安全。The heavy metal cadmium pollution is becoming more and more serious,which affects the growth of rice and threatens human health.The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences of cadmium uptake,transport and enrichment in japonica subspecies rice,and to explore the methods to reduce cadmium content in rice,so as to improve rice quality and ensure food security.The first prerequisite for reducing cadmium content in rice is to understand the physiological mechanism of cadmium uptake,transport and accumulation in indica/japonica rice.In this paper,research progress on cadmium uptake,transport and accumulation in indica and japonica rice subspecies were reviewed.The results showed that there were significant differences in uptake,transport and accumulation of heavy metal Cadmium in indica and japonica rice varieties,in the order of indica>japonica,super rice>hybrid rice>conventional rice.The cadmium content in various organs of varieties was generally in the order of root>stem and leaf>grain.There were also significant differences among dfferent japonica rice subspecies,which may be caused by the dfferences in Cd enrichment ability,distribution ratio and transfer coefficient between rice varieties in different periods.Therefore,on the basis of exploring and understanding the difference and physiological mechanism of indica japonica subspecies of rice,further coordinating the comprehensive theory of"gene-variety-cultivation technique"and constructing the system of high efficient rice production technology can better guarantee the food security.

关 键 词：水稻 镉吸收 镉转运 基因型差异 生理机制 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S5[农业科学—作物学]